Thyroid uptake and scintigraphy using 99mTc pertechnetate: standardization in normal individuals

Ramos, Celso Darío; Wittmann, Denise Engelbrecht Zantut; Etchebehere, Elba; Tambascia, Marcos Antônio; Silva, Cleide Aparecida Moreira; Camargo, Edwaldo E.

doi:10.1590/s1516-31802002000200004

Cited by 53 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…On the basis of the departmental reference values, these participants would have been diagnosed as abnormal. Although these data overlap considerably with other ranges reported elsewhere, [7][8][9] they differ significantly. From the current findings, gender, age and ethnicity did not appear to significantly influence euthyroid uptake of technetium-99m pertechnetate.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

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Normal reference values for thyroid uptake of technetium-99m pertechnetate for the Namibian population

Hamunyela

Kotze

Philotheou

2013

Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Afri

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Objective: Historically, changes in normal thyroid uptake values for iodine have been reported in different geographical areas. These changes have been linked to geographical and chronological fluctuations in dietary iodine intake in different populations. Namibia is a country with mixed ethnicity, with access to dietary iodine in table salt. Despite historical reports on deviating normal thyroid uptake values (emphasising the importance of establishing local normal reference values), the relevant Namibian authorities have never revised these reference values, nor have local reference values been established. The aim of this study was to establish the normal reference values for thyroid uptake of technetium-99m pertechnetate in the Namibian population.Design: Participants who were considered to be euthyroid completed a questionnaire designed to exclude individuals with thyroid pathologies, as well as those with renal or heart disease. Settings and subjects:The study cohort consisted of 76 participants (58 women and 18 men), ranging in age from 39-81 years. The participants were of mixed ethnicity, consisting of Hereros, Ovambos, Damaras, Namas, Coloureds, Caucasians and other (non-Namibian immigrants), and were from Windhoek, Namibia. Studies were performed at the Windhoek Central Hospital.Outcome measures: Blood was drawn for thyroid hormone assessment. Participants were then given 100 MBq of technetium-99m pertechnetate intravenously, and their percentage thyroid uptake recorded after 20 minutes. Results:In this study, thyroid-stimulating hormone, triiodothyronine, and thyroxine levels were found to be 1.7 µIU/ ml, 4.9 pmol/ml and 10.3 pmol/ml, respectively. Analysis of the empirical data showed that the normal reference uptake value for technetium-99m pertechnetate in the studied population ranged between 0.04% and 2.40%.The fifth and 95 th percentiles for pertechnetate uptake were 0.15% and 1.69%, respectively. Conclusion:These results provide new evidence which supports the importance of periodical evaluation of normal thyroid uptake reference values for technetium-99m pertechnetate.Peer reviewed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…[7][8][9] Therefore, there is a need to establish reference values for each location.There are no reported reference values for technetium-99m pertechnetate uptake for Namibia. The reference range routinely used in Namibia for thyroid uptake of technetium-99m pertechnetate is 0.75-4% of the administered activity after 20 minutes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal reference values for thyroid uptake of technetium-99m pertechnetate for the Namibian population

Hamunyela

Kotze

Philotheou

2013

Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Afri

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“…Twenty minutes after intravenous injection of 10 mCi (370 MBq), 99m Tc images were obtained on a computerized scintillation camera equipped with a low-energy, high-resolution, parallel hole collimator, according to validated protocol used at our institution [19]. Nodules were reported as cold, warm, or hot.…”

Section: Scintigraphic Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Value of Ultrasound and Cytological Classification System to Predict the Malignancy of Thyroid Nodules with Indeterminate Cytology

et al. 2011

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Although fine-needle aspiration cytology is considered the gold standard for evaluating thyroid nodules, in about 10-30% of the cases, cytology is indeterminate. This study aimed to determine the value of cytological classification system and ultrasound (US) to predict malignancy in indeterminate thyroid nodule. This retrospective analysis enrolled 80 patients surgically treated at a single center, 75% (60) with benign vs. 25% (20) with malignant lesions at final histology. The clinical, scintigraphic, sonographic, and cytological classification (Bethesda) variables were analyzed in these selected cases of indeterminate cytology, and a prediction model was designed after the multivariate analysis. There was a 25% prevalence of malignancy (20/80). There were no differences in gender, serum thyroid-stimulating hormone and FT4 levels, thyroid auto-antibodies, thyroid dysfunction, and scintigraphic results between benign and malignant nodule groups. The border irregularity in sonographic study was at increased risk for malignancy. The cytological analysis based on Bethesda System (category IV) was an independent predictor for malignancy in indeterminate thyroid nodules. After the multivariate analysis, the model obtained showed border irregularity and Bethesda System category IV as predictive factors of malignancy in indeterminate thyroid nodules, featuring 76.9% of accuracy. This study confirmed a significant increase of risk for malignancy in thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology showing Bethesda System category IV and suspicious features at US. These findings enhance our current limited predictive armamentarium and can be used to guide surgical decision making.

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“…The relevance of cold nodule was evaluated using a 99m Tc-pertechnetate (Tc) scans. Twenty minutes after an intravenous injection of 10 mCi (370 MBq) of 99m Tc, the images were obtained on a computerized scintillation camera equipped with a low-energy, high-resolution, parallel hole collimator, according to validated protocol used at the institution [17], with the nodules being reported as cold, warm, or hot.…”

Section: Cytological and Scintigraphyc Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Value of repeat ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration in thyroid nodule with a first benign cytologic result: Impact of ultrasound to predict malignancy

et al. 2011

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This study aimed to investigate the value of repeat ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNAC-US) in benign thyroid nodules and determine the ultrasound (US) predictors of malignancy in this group of nodules. The authors studied 35 of 143 nodules with initially benign cytological result who underwent serial re-biopsy (FNAC-US). By means of surgery, malignancy histology results were confirmed in 10 (28.5%) cases (G1) versus 25 (71.5%) benign nodules (G2). The clinical, lab, scintigraphyc, and US features were compared between the two groups to predict malignancy in thyroid nodules with initially benign cytological result. The cytological finding of 28/35 nodules were change to indeterminate cytology (Bethesda system category III or IV) at second and/or ≥third cytological study. In this group of 28 cases, 23 (82.1%) was identified until the third procedure. The interval between first and third re-biopsy was 13 months (median). There were no differences in age, gender, thyrotropin (TSH) levels, thyroid auto-antibodies, or thyroid dysfunctions. The scintigraphy showed cold nodule in 80% of G1 versus 78.9% of G2 (NS). Sonographic studies showed malignant suspected US features in G1: microcalcifications, central flow, hypoechogenicity, and border irregularity. This study suggests repeating FNAC-US in nodules with first benign cytologic result and suspicious US features of malignancy for at least two times (until the third FNAC) in about 13 months horizon.

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Thyroid uptake and scintigraphy using 99mTc pertechnetate: standardization in normal individuals

Abstract: The assessment of thyroid structure and function using 99mTc-pertechnetate is a simple, fast and efficient method, which could easily become a part of the routine studies in nuclear medicine laboratories.

Cited by 53 publications

References 12 publications

Normal reference values for thyroid uptake of technetium-99m pertechnetate for the Namibian population

Normal reference values for thyroid uptake of technetium-99m pertechnetate for the Namibian population

Value of Ultrasound and Cytological Classification System to Predict the Malignancy of Thyroid Nodules with Indeterminate Cytology

Value of repeat ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration in thyroid nodule with a first benign cytologic result: Impact of ultrasound to predict malignancy

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