Sintering unalloyed titanium in DC electrical abnormal glow discharge

Abstract

Powder metallurgy is widely used in the manufacture of components that have complex geometry. The good dimensional control, reduction in manufacturing steps and operating costs which has favored the use of this technique for manufacturing of titanium alloys components. However, the high affinity of this material with oxygen hinders strongly the sintering process. For this, the sintering associated with plasma technology can be considered an alternative technique for the processing of this material. The strict control of sintering atmosphere performed at low pressures and the reactive species present in the plasma environment can help to improve the sintering of this material. The results presented in this paper show a good correlation between the parameters used for the compaction of the samples and the microstructure develop during the plasma sintering of samples. The microstructure of the plasma assisted samples is also affected by the particular configuration used in the plasma reactor.

Highly Elastic and Corrosion-Resistive Metallic Glass Thin Films for Flexible Encapsulation

“…The Gibbs energies for the oxide formation of Ti were −889 and −1433 kJ mol −1 for TiO 2 and Ti 2 O 3 , respectively. 50 Because the oxidation affinity of Zr and Ti is much higher than that of Cu, Zr and Ti diffuse to the surface for oxidation. However, as shown in Figure S2c, the surface chemical composition of Ti is similar to the chemical composition below the surface.…”

“…The increased structural stability of the ternary metallic glass could be attributed to the addition of Ti. The Gibbs energies for the oxide formation of Ti were −889 and −1433 kJ mol –1 for TiO 2 and Ti 2 O 3 , respectively . Because the oxidation affinity of Zr and Ti is much higher than that of Cu, Zr and Ti diffuse to the surface for oxidation.…”

Effect of temperature on morphology and wear of a Cu-Ti-TiC MMC sintered by abnormal glow discharge

“…On the other hand, the studies [19,27] indicate these temperature ranges of interest due to the possible to promote high modulus intermetallic phases with strong interaction with copper matrix. Finally, another factor of interest in the selection was linked to the study of the morphological and mechanical influence of the use of low temperatures in the sintering of parts by AGD, using lower temperatures in comparison to previous studies in metallic systems [9,11,28], which had required higher energy contributions in the consolidation of metallic and ceramic particles. The voltage and current parameters to obtain these temperatures are summarized in table 1.…”

“…The sintering process pulvimetallurgical parts had been researched through unconventional methods means, originating techniques such as Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) [4][5][6][7][8],but the cost of equipment limits its application in start-up industries. Techniques such as Abnormal Glow Discharge (AGD) [9][10][11][12] due to similar energy processes of SPS is presented as an alternative in the synthesis of powder metallurgical pieces. Therefore, AGD had been successful due to the low costs in the operation, as well as the results achieved through this technique in metallic and composite materials, promoving the densification and diffusive reactions.…”

Effect of mixing time on the bed density, and microstructure of selective laser sintered (sls) aluminium powders

“…Comparison of the direct SLS process with the conventional powder metallurgy (P/M) and the spark plasma sintering (SPS) techniques reveals that SLS is preferable because it does not require moulds to produce intricate geometries and eliminates the post-processing steps thereby resulting in the shortening of the production cycle as well as the reduction of production costs [5][6][7][8] . Moreover, SLS has been applied to the production of patterns for investment casting, automotive and aerospace components 9 .…”