Comparative study of CdTe sources used for deposition of CdTe thin films by close spaced sublimation technique

Pinheiro, Wagner Anacleto; Falcão, V. D.; Cruz, L. R.; Ferreira, C. L.

doi:10.1590/s1516-14392006000100010

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This source-plate was prepared by sublimating a CdS/propyleneglycol paste. Details about the equipment can be seen elsewhere [9]. The pressure of the system was varied between 5 and 15 Torr, using argon or a mixture of oxygen/argon.…”

Section: Experimetal Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural and optical properties of CSS and CBD-CdS thin films for photovoltaic solar cells

et al. 2014

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This work compares the properties of CdS films deposited by CBD and CSS techniques. The influence of the deposition parameters on the properties of the films was investigated. The thickness of CBD films ranged from 80 to 100nm and was affected by the concentration of reactants in the solution. For CSS films, the thickness was controlled in the 100-300nm range, being strongly influenced by the source/substrate temperatures and pressure. Grain size in CSS films was larger than in CBD films. Transmittance of CBD and CSS films ranged from 80 to 90%, but the band gap in CSS films was narrower than in CBD films, which means that CSS films transmit less of the blue part of the solar spectrum than CBD films. However, the growth of CdS films by CSS technique may be advantageous because the CdS/CdTe device could be fully manufactured in the same system.

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Section: Experimetal Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural and optical properties of CSS and CBD-CdS thin films for photovoltaic solar cells

et al. 2014

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“…CSS-CdTe grains size is about 290nm, PVD-CdTe giains size is 13nm (Moutinho et al, 2008). Unlike other thin film deposition techniques, the distance between the source and the substrate is very short with millimeters or less, the source chosen is very important, because the source strongly affects the control of the deposition parameters, especially the deposition rate (Pinheiro et al, 2006). The close space sublimation (CSS) technique is characterized by the short distance between the source and the substrate, which is usually less than 1 mm.…”

Section: Close Space Sublimation (Css)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocomposites for Photovoltaic Energy Conversion

Zeng¹,

Gan²

2011

Advances in Composite Materials for Medicine and Nanotechnology

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Induction Composite materialsA composite is a multiphase solid material. It is incorporated by two or more individual materials through physical or chemical methods. The performance of different materials to complement each other will produce synergistic effects (Ivanov et al., 2008;Lu et al., 2010). The overall property of composite materials is better than that of each original material to meet different requirements. These properties include mechanical, electrical, thermal, optical, electrochemical, catalytic behaviors etc. For example (Lu et al., 2010), investigating the synergistic effect of carbon nano-fiber (CNF) and carbon nano-paper on the shape recovery of shape memory polymer (SMP) composite shows that the combination of CNF and carbon nano-paper can improve the thermal and electrical conductivities of the SMP composite, which are much better than each of the components. The individual materials in a composite are referred to as two constituent materials. The two constituent materials are matrix and reinforcement. The matrix material is a frame to support the reinforcement material. So the reinforcement material can keep its relative position. The reinforcement is a functional material which can enhance the matrix properties. Composite metal matrix (substrates) includes aluminum, copper, titanium, magnesium and its alloys and nonmetallic matrix includes synthesized resin, rubber, ceramics, graphite and carbon and so on. Reinforcement mainly includes glass fiber, carbon fiber, boron fiber , aramid fiber, silicon carbide fiber , asbestos fiber, whisker, metal wire and fine grain etc. In order to make use of synergistic effect to improve composite properties, optimum combination of matrix and reinforcement should be chosen. Nanocomposites and their propertiesA nanocomposite is a special composite where one of the phases has one, two or three dimensions less than 100 nanometers (nm, 10 -9 m). A nanocomposite also includes the material where the structures between the different phases that make up the material are in nano-scale (Beecroft & Ober, 1997). In the broadest sense, nanocomposites can also include porous media, colloids, gels and polymers, because in these materials the particles or structures are in nano scale. One nanometer is equivalent to the length to tightly line up www.intechopen.com Advances in Composite Materials for Medicine and Nanotechnology 212 10~100 atoms. Nano-materials include nano-powders, nano-fibers, nano-particles and nanothin films. Their structures are between atom (molecular) size and macro size. Materials in nano-scale have special effects such as quantum size effect, surface effect, small-size effect and macroscopic quantum tunneling effect etc. Quantum size effectQuantum size effect is one of the fundamental physical properties of nano-particles. When the particle size decreases to a nano-scale, the electronic energy levels of the particle atom become discrete and the energy gap becomes wider. This phenomenon is called quantum size effect. This effect does not come into ...

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“…So far only few systematic studies have addressed the influence of particle size on deposition rate in CSS CdTe deposition. Only Pinheiro et al [15] showed considerable deviations between CdTe powders, pastes and plates. The influence of the particle size on the deposition rate is studied in our work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CdTe nanoparticles for the deposition of CdTe films using close spaced sublimation

Schumm

Althues

Kaskel

2010

Journal of Crystal Growth

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Comparative study of CdTe sources used for deposition of CdTe thin films by close spaced sublimation technique

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Microstructural and optical properties of CSS and CBD-CdS thin films for photovoltaic solar cells

Microstructural and optical properties of CSS and CBD-CdS thin films for photovoltaic solar cells

Nanocomposites for Photovoltaic Energy Conversion

CdTe nanoparticles for the deposition of CdTe films using close spaced sublimation

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