Propriedades físicoquímicas e avaliação da toxicidade aguda do extrato etanólico padronizado a 70% das folhas de Mikania glomerata (Asteraceae)

Abstract

RESUMO:Mikania glomerata (Asteraceae) é bastante utilizada na medicina popular devido às suas ações broncodilatadora, antiasmática, expectorante e antitussígena. O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar propriedades físicoquímicas do pó obtido a partir das folhas de M. glomerata, bem como avaliar a toxicidade em camundongos após tratamento agudo com doses repetidas do extrato etanólico padronizado a 70% preparado durante 30 dias consecutivos. No estudo das propriedades físicoquímicas fez-se a determinação da densidade bruta e de compactação, do teor de cinzas totais, do teor de umidade e da granulometria. De acordo com os resultados obtidos o pó pode ser usado na formulação de uma forma farmacêutica sólida, uma vez que suas propriedades físico-químicas são compatíveis com o desenvolvimento desse tipo de formulação. Na segunda parte do estudo foi determinada a dose letal 50% (DL 50 ) em camundongos, e na análise morfológica macroscópica dos principais órgãos e avaliada a toxicidade aguda com doses repetidas em parâmetros bioquímicos e hematológicos de camundongos. Os resultados sugerem que o extrato etanólico padronizado a 70% pode ser usado de forma segura, uma vez que apresentou um valor para a DL 50 (~3000 mg kg -1 ) que pode ser classificado na categoria nociva, e não produziu nenhuma alteração morfológica nos principais órgãos e em parâmetros bioquímicos e hematológicos de camundongos. Palavras-chave:Mikania glomerata, Asteraceae, Toxicidade Aguda, Camundongos.ABSTRACT: Physicochemical properties and acute toxicity evaluation of ethanol extract of the leaves from Mikania glomerata Sprengel. Mikania glomerata Sprengel is a plant from the Asteraceae family and it is widely used in folk medicine because of its bronchodilating, anti-asthmatic, expectorant and antitussive effects. The purpose of this study was to determine the physicochemical properties of the powder obtained from the leaves of M. glomerata, and to evaluate the toxicity in mice after an acute treatment with repeated doses of standardized 70% ethanol extract prepared from the leaves during 30 consecutive days. To study the physicochemical properties of the powder, we conducted a determination of the bulk density and compaction, the total ash content, the moisture content and particle size. According to the results obtained, we suggest that the powder can be used to formulate a solid dosage form, since its physicochemical properties matches the development of this type of formulation. In the second part of the study, it was determined a lethal dose in the order of 50% (LD50), along with a gross morphological analysis and the evaluation of the acute toxicity with repeated doses, in the terms of biochemical and hematological parameters of mice. According to the results from the second phase, we suggest that the 70% ethanol extract can be used safely in humans, since it presented a value for the LD50 (~ 3000 mg kg -1 ) that can be classified as 'harmful'. It also did not produce any morphological changes in the major organs and in the biochemical ...

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“…Some non-clinical studies report its safety. Mikania glomerata hydroalcoholic (70%) extract presented LD 50 ~ 3000 mg/kg and did not produce any biochemical, hematological, and morphological changes in mice ( Santana et al, 2013 ). Moreover, M. glomerata did not present genotoxicity, mutagenicity, teratogenicity or antifertility activity ( Sa et al, 2003 ; Sá et al, 2006 ; Barbosa et al, 2012 ; Fulanetti et al, 2016 ).…”

Mikania glomerata: Phytochemical, Pharmacological, and Neurochemical Study

“…The EPMG demonstrated anxiolytic effects, which may be mediated by GABAergic system, and was able to increase GABA levels and reduce glutamate and aspartate concentrations in mice hippocampus, which can directly and/or indirectly assist in their anxiolytic effect. Although more studies are needed [ 44 ], the EPMG could represent an interesting therapeutical strategy in the treatment of anxiety.…”

Influence of temperature and time of exposure to temperature on the yield of the obtaining process of ethanolic and hydroethanolic extracts from Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. & L. M. Perry leaves

“…It is important to emphasize that the raw material moisture values are relative, as they depend on the type of plant and the biome in which this sample is found. Brum (2010) found an average moisture content of 50.8±0.7% for Eucalyptus (E. citriodora) leaves while Santana et al (2013) found a value of 12.33±0.12% for leaves of Mikanai glomerata (Asteraceae).…”