Distribution and conservation of the transposable element gypsy in drosophilid species

Herédia, Fabiana; Lúcio, Elgion; Loreto, S.; Lucia, V. Torian; Valente, Vera Lúcia da Silva; Alegre, Porto

doi:10.1590/s1415-47572007000100023

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…Extensive data concerning the distribution and polymorphism of errantiviruses in different Drosophila strains and species is accumulated. 110 , 111 , 46 , 112 Moreover, there is a growing amount of data indicating the significant rate of horizontal transfer of errantiviruses between evolutionary distant Drosophila species. 113 , 114 The role of the env gene in this process is yet unclear.…”

Section: Activity and Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drosophila errantiviruses

Stefanov

Salenko

Глухов

2012

Mobile Genetic Elements

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Retroelements with long-terminal repeats (LTRs) inhabit nearly all eukaryotic genomes. During the time of their rich evolutionary history they have developed highly diverse forms, ranging from ordinary retrotransposons to complex pathogenic retroviruses such as HIV-I. Errantiviruses are a group of insect endogenous LTR elements that share structural and functional features with vertebrate endogenous retroviruses. The errantiviruses illustrate one of the evolutionary strategies of retrotransposons to become infective, which together with their similarities to vertebrate retroviruses make them an attractive object of research promising to shed more light on the evolution of retroviruses.

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Section: Activity and Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drosophila errantiviruses

Stefanov

Salenko

Глухов

2012

Mobile Genetic Elements

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“…The most commonly studied errantivirus is the gypsy retroelement of Drosophila melanogaster , which shows infectious properties under specific conditions (Kim et al ., 1994; Song et al ., 1994). Sequences homologous to the gypsy retroelement are widely distributed across the genus Drosophila (Stacey et al ., 1986; Terzian et al ., 2000; Vázquez‐Manrique et al ., 2000; Herédia et al ., 2004, 2007) and related elements have been identified in the D. melanogaster genome sequence (Jurka, 2000; Bowen & McDonald, 2001; Kaminker et al ., 2002; Kapitonov & Jurka, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple invasions of Errantivirus in the genus Drosophila

Ludwig

Valente

Loreto

2008

Insect Molecular Biology

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Aiming to contribute to the knowledge of the evolutionary history of Errantivirus, a phylogenetic analysis of the env gene sequences of Errantivirus gypsy, gtwin, gypsy2, gypsy3, gypsy4 and gypsy6 was carried out in 33 Drosophilidae species. Most sequences were obtained from in silico searches in the Drosophila genomes. The complex evolutionary pattern reported by other authors for the gypsy retroelement was also observed in the present study, including vertical transmission, ancestral polymorphism, stochastic loss and horizontal transfer. Moreover, the elements gypsy2, gypsy3, gypsy4 and gypsy6 were shown to have followed an evolutionary model that is similar to gypsy. Fifteen new possible cases of horizontal transfer were suggested. The infectious potential of these elements may help elucidate the evolutionary scenario described in the present study.

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“…Some viruses are both horizontally and vertically transmitted ( M ims 1981 ; B ezier et al 2009 ). Other species contain endogenous retroviruses or polydnaviruses that have integrated into the germline and are inherited with the host genome ( F leming and S ummers 1991 ; H eredia et al 2007 ; B ezier et al 2009 ). However, very few free living and purely vertically transmitted viruses have been described in insects.…”

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confidence: 99%

Rhabdoviruses in Two Species of Drosophila: Vertical Transmission and a Recent Sweep

et al. 2011

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Insects are host to a diverse range of vertically transmitted micro-organisms, but while their bacterial symbionts are well-studied, little is known about their vertically transmitted viruses. We have found that two sigma viruses (Rhabdoviridae) recently discovered in Drosophila affinis and Drosophila obscura are both vertically transmitted. As is the case for the sigma virus of Drosophila melanogaster, we find that both males and females can transmit these viruses to their offspring. Males transmit lower viral titers through sperm than females transmit through eggs, and a lower proportion of their offspring become infected. In natural populations of D. obscura in the United Kingdom, we found that 39% of flies were infected and that the viral population shows clear evidence of a recent expansion, with extremely low genetic diversity and a large excess of rare polymorphisms. Using sequence data we estimate that the virus has swept across the United Kingdom within the past ∼11 years, during which time the viral population size doubled approximately every 9 months. Using simulations based on our lab estimates of transmission rates, we show that the biparental mode of transmission allows the virus to invade and rapidly spread through populations at rates consistent with those measured in the field. Therefore, as predicted by our simulations, the virus has undergone an extremely rapid and recent increase in population size. In light of this and earlier studies of a related virus in D. melanogaster, we conclude that vertically transmitted rhabdoviruses may be common in insects and that these host–parasite interactions can be highly dynamic.

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Distribution and conservation of the transposable element gypsy in drosophilid species

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Drosophila errantiviruses

Drosophila errantiviruses

Multiple invasions of Errantivirus in the genus Drosophila

Rhabdoviruses in Two Species of Drosophila: Vertical Transmission and a Recent Sweep

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