Frequencies of CCR5-D32, CCR2-64I and SDF1-3’A mutations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) seropositive subjects and seronegative individuals from the state of Pará in Brazilian Amazonia

Carvalhaes, Fernanda Andreza de Pinho Lott; Cardoso, Greice de Lemos; Vallinoto, Antônio Carlos Rosário; Machado, Luiz Fernando Almeida; Ishak, Marluísa de Oliveira Guimarães; Ishak, Ricardo; Guerreiro, João Farias

doi:10.1590/s1415-47572005000500004

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The only published information on the polymorphisms of chemokine receptors (CCR5-D32, CCR2-64I) and chemokine (SDF1-3A) in the population of Belém, Pará showed that the frequency of CCR5-D32 mutation is similar between individuals with and without HIV-1. However, CCR2-64I and SDF1-3A polymorphisms were more frequent in the group of HIV-1-negative individuals, indicating a possible protective effect from HIV-1 infection [ 68 ].…”

Section: The Impact Of Hiv-1 In the Brazilian Amazon: From Description To Current Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Epidemiological Impact of STIs among General and Vulnerable Populations of the Amazon Region of Brazil: 30 years of Surveillance

Machado

Fonseca

Queiroz

et al. 2021

Viruses

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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) represent a worldwide public health problem and, although many of them are curable, they continue to be neglected, especially in areas with a low human development index, such as in the northern region of Brazil. This review describes the results of 30 years of studies at the Virus Laboratory at the Federal University of Pará, including the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of HIV-1, HTLV-1/2, HPV, HBV, Treponema pallidum and Chlamydia trachomatis among urban and non-urban populations, and also in vulnerable groups in the Brazilian Amazon. Control strategies and challenges in preventing STIs are discussed considering this immense geographic region, where essential health services are unable to reach the entire population, especially the most vulnerable, such as female sex workers, people who use illicit drugs, remnants of quilombolos and indigenous communities.

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Section: The Impact Of Hiv-1 In the Brazilian Amazon: From Description To Current Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Epidemiological Impact of STIs among General and Vulnerable Populations of the Amazon Region of Brazil: 30 years of Surveillance

Machado

Fonseca

Queiroz

et al. 2021

Viruses

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“…As explained in the introduction section, CCR5D32 exerts its protective effect against HIV infection through two mechanisms: reduced expression of the CCR5 gene (gene-dosage effect; probably the most important mechanism) (60,63) and sequestration of CCR5 and CXCR4 from the cell surface (65,66). Many studies that evaluated CCR5D32 in the Brazilian population corroborated the protective effect of the variant on susceptibility or clinical aspects of HIV infection (e.g., [117][118][119][120], although other studies have not evidenced these effects, in some cases probably due to the small sample size (e.g., 121,122). The main results of the studies involving CCR5D32 and HIV infection in Brazil are detailed in Table 1.…”

Section: Ccr5d32 In Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

CCR5Δ32 in Brazil: Impacts of a European Genetic Variant on a Highly Admixed Population

Kulmann-Leal

Ellwanger

2021

Front. Immunol.

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The genetic background of Brazilians encompasses Amerindian, African, and European components as a result of the colonization of an already Amerindian inhabited region by Europeans, associated to a massive influx of Africans. Other migratory flows introduced into the Brazilian population genetic components from Asia and the Middle East. Currently, Brazil has a highly admixed population and, therefore, the study of genetic factors in the context of health or disease in Brazil is a challenging and remarkably interesting subject. This phenomenon is exemplified by the genetic variant CCR5Δ32, a 32 base-pair deletion in the CCR5 gene. CCR5Δ32 originated in Europe, but the time of origin as well as the selective pressures that allowed the maintenance of this variant and the establishment of its current frequencies in the different human populations is still a field of debates. Due to its origin, the CCR5Δ32 allele frequency is high in European-derived populations (~10%) and low in Asian and African native human populations. In Brazil, the CCR5Δ32 allele frequency is intermediate (4-6%) and varies on the Brazilian States, depending on the migratory history of each region. CCR5 is a protein that regulates the activity of several immune cells, also acting as the main HIV-1 co-receptor. The CCR5 expression is influenced by CCR5Δ32 genotypes. No CCR5 expression is observed in CCR5Δ32 homozygous individuals. Thus, the CCR5Δ32 has particular effects on different diseases. At the population level, the effect that CCR5Δ32 has on European populations may be different than that observed in highly admixed populations. Besides less evident due to its low frequency in admixed groups, the effect of the CCR5Δ32 variant may be affected by other genetic traits. Understanding the effects of CCR5Δ32 on Brazilians is essential to predict the potential use of pharmacological CCR5 modulators in Brazil. Therefore, this study reviews the impacts of the CCR5Δ32 on the Brazilian population, considering infectious diseases, inflammatory conditions, and cancer. Finally, this article provides a general discussion concerning the impacts of a European-derived variant, the CCR5Δ32, on a highly admixed population.

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Immunological and virological characterization of HIV-1 viremia controllers in the North Region of Brazil

Gomes

Santos

et al. 2017

BMC Infect Dis

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BackgroundA rare phenotype of clinical non-progressors to AIDS is not well understood and the new protocol for universal treatment, may block the understanding of viral control thus it is crucial to define this controversial group.MethodsA cohort of 30 persons followed a criteria for viremia control groups 1 (VC1; n = 2) and 2 (VC2; n = 7) and non-viral controllers (NC; n = 21) including number of years of diagnosis, LTCD4+, LTCD8+ counts, plasma viral load and the absence of ART; 241 uninfected control persons were matched to age and sex. Infected persons were regularly examined and submitted to two or three annual laboratory measurements. Polymorphisms and allele frequencies of CCR5Δ32 and SDF1–3’A were detected in the genomic DNA. Plasma levels of cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17 and IFN-y) were measured.ResultsThe group investigated is originated from a miscigenetic population and demographic and social characteristics were not significantly relevant. LTCD4+ median values were higher among VC than NC, but significantly lower than uninfected controls. Evolution of LTCD4+ and LTCD8+ counts, showed a slight increase of LTCD4+ among VC, but a significant decrease in the NC. The percentage of annual change in LTCD4+ was also significantly different between the groups. LTCD4+/LTCD8+ ratio was inverted but not significant among the VC, thus the ratio may be a useful biomarker for the VC. A clear signature indicated a change from Th1 to Th2 cytokine profiles from VC to NC, respectively.ConclusionsThe knowledge of viral controllers characteristics in different population groups is important to define a strict universal definition for the sake of learning about the pathogenesis of HIV-1. Data on LTCD4+ seems to be stable and repetitive from published data, but the LTCD8+ response and the significance of LTCD4+/LTCD8+ ratio values are in need to further exploration as biomarkers. The change from Th1 to Th2 cytokine profile may help to design and adjust specific treatment protocols for the group.

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Frequencies of CCR5-D32, CCR2-64I and SDF1-3’A mutations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) seropositive subjects and seronegative individuals from the state of Pará in Brazilian Amazonia

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

The Epidemiological Impact of STIs among General and Vulnerable Populations of the Amazon Region of Brazil: 30 years of Surveillance

The Epidemiological Impact of STIs among General and Vulnerable Populations of the Amazon Region of Brazil: 30 years of Surveillance

CCR5Δ32 in Brazil: Impacts of a European Genetic Variant on a Highly Admixed Population

Immunological and virological characterization of HIV-1 viremia controllers in the North Region of Brazil

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