Micronucleus frequencies in Astyanax bimaculatus (Characidae) treated with cyclophosphamide or vinblastine sulfate

Abstract

Two known mutagenic drugs, cyclophosphamide and vinblastine sulfate, were tested using the micronucleus test in the native fish species, Astyanax bimaculatus, in order to determine which of these drugs and the doses which would be the most adequate for use as positive controls in this species. This Brazilian fish species was chosen because few toxicity studies have used native fish species and this particular species is widely consumed in various regions of Brazil. Three thousand erythrocytes per specimen were scored. Doses of 16 and 8 mg/kg body weight of cyclophosphamide and vinblastine sulfate, respectively, were the most effective in causing micronuclei. Cyclophosphamide was the most mutagenic of the two drugs and is recommended for use as a positive control in A. bimaculatus.<br>Duas drogas reconhecidas como mutagênicas, ciclofosfamida e vimblastina sulfato, foram avaliadas usando o teste do micronúcleo em uma espécie de peixe nativa, Astyanax bimaculatus, para detectar que droga e quais doses são as mais adequadas para serem usadas como controles positivos para esta espécie. Esta espécie de peixe brasileira foi escolhida devido à escassez de estudos toxicológicos com espécies de peixes nativos e também porque ela é amplamente consumida em algumas regiões do Brasil. Um total de 3000 eritrócitos por espécimen foram contados. As doses de 16 e 8 mg/kg de peso corporal de ciclofosfamida e de vimblastina sulfato, respectivamente, foram as mais efetivas na indução de micronúcleos. A ciclofosfamida mostrou ser o melhor agente mutagênico para ser usado como um controle positivo para Astyanax bimaculatus

Genetic damage induced by trophic doses of lead in the neotropical fish Hoplias malabaricus (Characiformes, Erythrinidae) as revealed by the comet assay and chromosomal aberrations

“…The use of neotropical fish to study the mutagenic effects of chemicals is still relatively uncommon (Matsumoto and Cólus, 2000). Hoplias malabaricus is an important predatory freshwater fish widely distributed throughout South America (Lopez and Fenocchio, 1994) and easily adapts to laboratory conditions.…”

UTILIZAÇÃO DE BIOMARCADORES EM PEIXES COMO FERRAMENTA PARA AVALIAÇÃO DE CONTAMINAÇÃO AMBIENTAL POR MERCÚRIO (Hg)

“…(Nepomuceno et al 1997, Grisolia & Cordeiro 2000, Matsumoto & Cólus 2000 mas nenhum desses estudos avaliou os efeitos genotóxicos na distribuição dos micronúcleos no ambiente ou nos peixes em diferentes níveis trófi cos, um fator crítico na avaliação de risco da exposição.…”

Evaluation of the Effects of Tributiltin (TBT) on Chromosomes of the Neotropical Fish Astyanax sp. (Pisces, Tetragonopterinae)

“…Recently, with the development on fish cytogenetic techniques, some species were incorporate in these type of studies (Al-Sabti and Metcalfe 1995, van der Hoeven et al 1982, Manna and Som 1982, Som and Manna 1984, Matsumoto and Cólus 2000. Responses of fishes to chemical products are in several cases similar to these of mammals and could be utilized for evaluation and deduction of effects of these agents on other organisms (Matsumoto and Cólus 2000).…”

“…Responses of fishes to chemical products are in several cases similar to these of mammals and could be utilized for evaluation and deduction of effects of these agents on other organisms (Matsumoto and Cólus 2000).…”

“…The most used evaluation method is the micronucleus test, due to their easily and low cost, being utilized in some few cases the chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchange tests (Manna and Som 1982, Matsumoto and Cólus 2000, Al-Sabti 1986, van der Hoeven et al 1982, Som and Manna 1984, Cestari et al 2004. Chromosomal aberrations test have been used in some cases in this animal group, but the more important limitation is represented by the high number and the small size of fish chromosomes.…”