Mobilidade de solutos em colunas de solo com água residuária doméstica e de suinocultura

Abstract

RESUMOCom o objetivo de avaliar o fator de retardamento, coeficiente de dispersão-difusão e curva de efluente dos íons cálcio, magnésio, sódio e potássio das águas residuárias de origem doméstica tratada e de suinocultura, realizou-se um experimento em laboratório com colunas de solos Argissolo Vermelho Amarelo e Neossolo Regolítico. Com o auxílio de frascos de Mariotte cerca de dois volumes de poros de água destilada foram passados nas colunas; em seguida, interligou-se outro frasco contendo as águas residuárias, doméstica e da suinocultura, o que lixiviou 3,75 volume de poros divididos em 25 alíquotas, totalizando 600 amostras. Os resultados permitiram concluir que os fatores de retardamento foram mais altos para o sódio no solo Argissolo Vermelho Amarelo e para o íon magnésio no Neossolo Regolítico, lixiviados com água residuária doméstica tratada. Em referência à água residuária da suinocultura, os maiores valores foram calculados para o íon magnésio, nos dois solos; quanto aos coeficientes de dispersão-difusão, os maiores valores foram registrados no Neossolo Regolítico, independentemente do tipo de água utilizada.Palavras-chave: dinâmica de íons, fator de retardamento, coeficientes de difusão-dispersão Displacement of solutes in soil columns with domestic and swine raising wastewater ABSTRACTWith the objective of evaluating the parameters of transport retardation factor, dispersion-diffusion coefficient and effluent curves of the íons calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium, present in domestic and swine raising wastewater, an experiment was conducted in laboratory with columns of Red Yellow Argisol and Regolithic Fluvisol. With the aid of flasks of Mariotte around two pore volumes of distilled water were passed in the columns; soon after, another flask was interconnected containing the wastewaters which leached 3.75 volume of pores divided in 25 aliqnot, totaling 600 samples. The obtained results lead to the conclussion that the retardation factors were higher for the sodium in the Red Yellow Argisol and for the magnesium in Regolithic Fluvisol leached with treated domestic wastewater. In reference to the swine raising wastewater, the largest values were calculated for the ion magnesium, in the two soils; as for the dispersion-diffusion coefficients, the highest values were observed for Regolithic Fluvisol, independent of the type of water.

Domestic scale vermicomposting for solid waste management

“…Soil in the columns was prepared manually, assuming a mean bulk density of 1.5 g cm −3 found for this type of soil (Santos et al 2012;Kang et al 2011;Oliveira et al 2011;Santos et al 2010). The layer of 0-10 cm was gently set, because the soil when plowed is less dense.…”

Evaluation of composting performance of mixtures of chicken blood and maize stover in Harare, Zimbabwe

“…In the northeastern parts of Brazil, solid cattle manure and goat manure are frequently used in doses ranging from 4 to 20 Mg ha −1 (Sabourin et al 2000;Silva and Menezes 2007;Galvão et al 2008; In memoriam of Ignacio Hernán Salcedo.…”

Contamination Potential of Specific Ions in Soil Treated With Reject Brine From Desalination Plants

“…Araujo et al (2000) reinforced the idea that the application of this technique to study ion movement in soil contributes to a more rational fertigation use, including using elements with low mobility. Santos et al (2010b) found that the lower the solution advance speed in the soil column, the greater the contact time was between the ions and the soil colloids, providing greater opportunities for solute retention and causing an increase in the retardation factor. For potassium ions (K + ) (Fig.…”