Investigação de acidentes biológicos entre profissionais de saúde

Abstract

Os objetivos deste trabalho foram identificar a principal categoria profissional exposta a risco biológico e os principais tipos de acidentes ocorridos entre trabalhadores da área de saúde, em Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ. A partir da análise das fichas de notificação de acidentes biológicos dos 183 profissionais acidentados entre janeiro de 2005 e setembro de 2005, observamos que a categoria profissional mais exposta foi a dos auxiliares/técnicos de enfermagem (54,1%), seguida pela dos acadêmicos de medicina e odontologia (10,4%). A ocorrência de acidentes com materiais perfurocortantes foi relacionada à manipulação frequente desses objetos e ao comportamento dos profissionais que utilizam práticas que oferecem riscos de acidentes com agulhas, tais como o descarte inadequado de objetos perfurocortantes.

Knowledge, risk perception and attitudes of Dentistry students with regard to HIV/AIDS

“…This was also shown in the research conducted by Lima et al 2 , the only difference being the percentage of occupational accidents affecting dental students (59.5%). Likewise, other studies showed higher percentages 9,15,21 , however yet others showed results inferior to those of the present study 8,13 , with sharps injuries being the biggest culprits in occupational accidents in dentistry. As for post-accident measures, it may be inferred from this study that students have not been properly instructed or do not seek to apply the knowledge they have acquired, as only 12% filled in the biological accident notification forms and only 16% asked for the source-patient's serology.…”

“…Higher scores indicate that the student has good perception with regard to the risks involved when treating any patient, whether infected with HIV or not, the maximum score being 20 (10 x 2). Lower scores suggest poor perception Controlling infectious diseases is an aspect that deserves close attention in dentistry, due to both the environment in which a dental surgeon works (the oral environment, with its numerous microorganisms) and to the wide range of sharp instruments and invasive procedures, exposing the dentist to various infectious/ contagious diseases, such as AIDS and Hepatitis B and C, depending on factors including depth of the cut, the volume of potentially infectious fluid on dental instruments and the patient's viral load during seroconversion [8][9][10][11][12][13] . Therefore it is essential to seek and constantly update knowledge on occupational diseases to which the dental professional may be exposed, routes of infection, modes of transmission, bio-security standards, sterilization and disinfection of the materials used, proper disposal of waste, respect for the environment and on post-exposure measures.…”

The assessment of infection control in dental practices in the municipality of São Paulo

“…According to Silva et al, 31 exposure to biological materials represents the principal occupational risk to health professionals who deal with patients directly. The nature of accidents evaluated in his study indicated that the majority of them were percutaneous (92.4%), affecting mainly fingers (84.6%) and involving blood as biological material (86.3%).…”

Percepção dos riscos ocupacionais por profissionais de um laboratório de imunodiagnóstico

“…6 , e NR 32) 5 , elaboração e execução de um programa de educação continuada, organização do trabalho, supervisão qualificada, utilização de equipamentos de proteção individual (EPI) e coletiva (EPC), implementação das boas práticas de laboratório, controle de acesso, adoção de normas de biossegurança e vacinação 7,8,9 . Como medida de prevenção, controle e minimização destaca-se também a percepção dos riscos ocupacionais.…”