Construção de um teste objetivo de resistência à frustração

Abstract

O presente estudo teve como objetivo construir um instrumento de formato objetivo, com base no teste projetivo Picture Frustration Study (PFT) de Rosenzweig, denominado Teste Objetivo de Resistência à Frustração - TORF. Este estudo foi realizado com uma amostra de 555 estudantes universitários de instituições universitárias de Brasília, a partir da aplicação coletiva de um instrumento. A aplicação foi realizada por psicólogos e alunos treinados. As respostas dos sujeitos foram analisadas quanto à ocorrência de cada alternativa. Alguns critérios foram traçados para a escolha do item que compôs a versão final do instrumento. Apesar de não haver indícios na literatura brasileira de uma proposta como esta, este estudo sugere um instrumento promissor a ser trabalhado para uso futuro em seleção de pessoal.

Construção e evidência de validade do Teste de Reação à Frustração Objetivo

“…A critical analysis of the PFT, proposed by Moura (2004), unveiled the following limitations of the instrument: a) the issue of the standard used in studies of standardization for different countries, analysis also performed by Rauchfle (1971); b) the outdated features of the drawings based on the reality of the 1930s; c) thenon-feasible inquiry procedure for collective applications; d) the lack of consensus among evaluators in the correction procedure; e) the theory considered outdated for the understanding of the phenomenon; and, f) the issue of evaluating the individuals' consciousness when answering the test. This analysis gave rise to the proposal of the TBRFP (Moura, 2008) which grounded the instrument presented herein.…”

“…An objective test would be more responsive to the strategic demands of a collective evaluation to be used in selective processes, for example. In this sense, this instrument to measure frustration was designed based on the proposal by Moura (2004) and Moura & Pasquali (2006a;2006b) of objectification of a projective test, and on Bjerstedt's (1965) proposal of efficaciously working on different PFT-based forms of administration and correction.…”

“…These feelings are considered to be universal or inherent to human nature. They depend on specific contexts like the life history of an individual and the context in which she is inserted, and can be merged into the concept of frustration (Moura, 2004). However, individuals are expected to overcome their difficulties and obstacles in the best possible way, in a consistent search for their survival and adaptability to the environment.…”

“…However, when it is related to the phenomenon of aggression, this concept becomes more meaningful and present in scientific studies. Until the 1960s, the studies about frustrations were almost exclusively focused on identification of processes involved in aggressive responses ensuing from situations of frustration (Anderson & Bushman, 2002;Baron & Richardson, 1994;Berkowitz, 1989;1990;Moura & Pasquali, 2006a;Rodriguez, 2015;Tice, Bratslavsky & Baumeister, 2001). However, in the last decades, despite the decreased causative empha-sis between frustration-aggression, this relationship still prevails in the scientific literature on frustration and aggression, but now related to other variables (Moura, 2004).…”

“…Literature depicts frustration as an individual trait, which is linked to aspects of the individual's health, labor and organizations (Beghi, Spagnoli, Airoldi, Fiordelli, Appollonio, Bogliun, Zardi, Paleari, Gamba, Frattola & Da Prada, 2002;Callejon, 2011;Dyer, Abrahams, Mokoena, Lombard & van der Spuy, 2005;Ferreira & Capitão, 2010;Harlos, 2001;Krejèí, Kvapil & Semrád, 1996;Moura & Pasquali, 2006a;Schaubroeck, Jones & Xie, 2001;Shirayama, Shirayama, Iida, Kato, Kajimura, Watanabe, Sekimoto, Shirakawa, Okawa & Takahashi, 2003;Susskind, 2004).…”