Rede de suporte social do idoso atendido por equipes de Saúde da Família

Abstract

Rede de suporte social do idoso atendido por equipes de Saúde da Família Social support networks for elderly patients attended by Family Health teamsResumo O envelhecimento tem especificidades marcadas pela posição de classe de indivíduos e grupos sociais, assim como pela cultura, política, condições socioeconômicas e sanitárias das coletividades. No atendimento às necessidades específi-cas dos idosos, os sistemas de suporte social são essenciais. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever o perfil sociodemográfico e a rede de suporte social do idoso assistido pela Estratégia Saúde da Família. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com idosos residentes em Dourados (MS). Utilizou-se questionário sociodemográfico e Mapa Mínimo de Relações do Idoso (MMRI). Foram entrevistados 503 idosos: 69,0% são do sexo feminino, 53,1% são analfabetos, 58,3% têm renda per capita inferior a um salário mínimo e 82,9% moram acompanhados. O MMRI destacou a família como maior provedora de cuidados em todas as dimensões avaliadas, mas os idosos possuem redes sociais pequenas. Os idosos assistidos pelas ESF têm baixa renda e escolaridade, e possuem uma rede de suporte social pequena para atender às suas necessidades. Palavras-chave Apoio social, Idoso, Saúde da Família Abstract The aging process has specific aspects marked by the class of individuals and social groups as well as cultural, political, socio-economic and sanitary conditions of the collective groups. Social support systems are essential for meeting the specific needs of the elderly. The aim of this paper is to describe the socio-demographic profile and the social support networks of elderly patients served by the Family Health Strategy. It's a crosssectional study with elderly patients living in Dourados, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil). Data were collected using a socio-demographic questionnaire and a Minimum Relationships Map for the Elderly (MMRI). Of the 503 elderly patients interviewed, 69% were female, 53.1% were illiterate, 58.3% earned less than one minimum salary and 82.9% lived with others. The MMRI showed that the family was the most important provider of care in all the dimensions assessed, but the elderly have their own small social networks. Elderly patients attended by the Family Health teams have low incomes and little formal education, and social support networks that are too small to meet their needs.

Concept of health team in ensuring universal health care delivery

“…4,5 As a part of their discharge of duties, the members of a health team establish bonds with the people which indirectly assists them in improving their communication, ensuring removal of the prevalent myths and misconceptions related to a specific health condition, and maintaining a follow-up to monitor the anticipated change in health behaviour of the community. 4,6 The members of a health team play a crucial role in the public health set-up by providing comprehensive care to families 1 ; identifying health problems/associated potential risk factors and encouraging community participation and action in solving their problems 1,6 ; facilitating early detection of violence against children and adolescents 5 ; promoting healthy maternal and child welfare practices 7 ; extending social support to disadvantaged segments of population 8 ; and in performing evaluation of health planning interventions. 9 Despite the availability of multiple evidences reflecting the utility of the health team in the public health arena, the initiative still faces a lot of hurdles.…”

“…4,7,10,11 To enhance the contribution of health teams in reducing the magnitude of a disease or improving the quality of life of people, it is of utmost importance to have the right 'mix' of health personnel with clear roles and sufficient freedom to exercise their skills. 2,12 Furthermore, implementation of other strategies has also been recommended (such as selecting a good leader 2 ; scientific and rationale decision to decide members of health team based on health concern 6,8 ; organizing training sessions for the members of the health team 1,7 ; ensuring effective interprofessional collaboration 13,14 ; facilitating regular interaction and feedback on performance 12 ; extending adequate infrastructure support 11,12 ; and encouraging research activities to promote better understanding among members of the team at different levels 14 ) in order to expand the benefits of the health team.…”

Associação dos polimorfismos rs53576 e rs2254298 do gene receptor da ocitocina com depressão: uma revisão sistemática

“…39 Fisiologicamente, o apoio social parece ter uma relação com a ocitocina, sendo considerado um estimulante natural desse hormônio, assim como durante a relação de afeto entre mãe e filho, nas relações sociais e sexuais, são ativados os receptores da ocitocina. 40 Os comportamentos sociais positivos possibilitam a redução da atividade do eixo hipotálamo e adrenal, resultando na diminuição dos estados de estresse.…”

Senescência e senilidade: novo paradigma na atenção básica de saúde

“…Studies emphasize human resources training in the area of health care for the purpose of developing population studies, mainly regarding the elderly population, pointing at the needs of family members for information regarding the illness, the elements required for caring for the ill individual and a social support network (22) .…”