Envolvimento de agricultores no processo seletivo de novas linhagens de feijoeiro

Abstract

RESUMONeste trabalho, objetivou-se o envolvimento de agricultores na seleção de novas linhagens de feijoeiro. Foram conduzidos 10 experimentos onde foram avaliadas nove linhagens melhoradas de feijão, juntamente com a cultivar BRSMG Talismã, em propriedades agrícolas com tradição na cultura do feijoeiro. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados com três repetições e as parcelas de 10 linhas de 5m. Foram avaliadas, a severidade de mancha-angular, produtividade e solicitada aos agricultores a avaliação do tipo de grão. A linhagem OP-S-30 foi a que apresentou maior produtividade média nos 10 ambientes avaliados, tolerância a mancha angular e tipo de grão com boa aceitação de acordo com a opinião dos agricultores. Além dessa linhagem, a OP-S-16 e OP-S-80 também apresentaram desempenho superior. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que os agricultores e melhoristas têm muitos objetivos comuns com relação aos fenótipos desejáveis de uma cultivar de feijão para a região. Termos de indexação:Feijão, Phaseolus vulgaris L., melhoramento vegetal, avaliação de linhagens, melhoramento participativo. ABSTRACTThis work had the objective of involving the farmers in the selection of new common bean inbred lines. Ten experiments were carried out to evaluate nine inbreed lines and the commercial cultivar BRSMG Talismã in farm conditions of traditional common bean producers. The experimental design was a randomized complete blocks with three replications with plots of 10 rows of 5m each. Angular leaf spot severity and yield were evaluated and it was required from farmers to evaluate about the grain type. Inbred line OP-S-30 presented the highest mean grain yield in all environments, angular leaf spot tolerance and grain type with good acceptance according to the farmers. Besides the two inbred lines OP-S-16 and OP-S-80 presented higher performance. The results reinforced that the farmers and breeders really have very common objectives in relation to the desirable phenotypes for a common bean cultivar in the region.

Strategies for recommendation of common bean lines tested for value of cultivation and use in different environments

“…This marked contribution of the environment to total variation was expected, since it comprised, as mentioned before, the effects of locations and growing seasons. In regional studies of the last 30 years with common bean, a marked variation in grain yield was observed in different growing seasons and at different locations (Ramalho et al 1998, Bruzi et al 2007, Matos et al 2007, Sena et al 2008). …”

“…One way to mitigate the genotype-environment interaction to increase the reliability in cultivar recommendations, is the identification of most adapted and stable lines. Several methods have been proposed (Cruz and Carneiro 2003) for this purpose and have been widely used in the cultivation of common bean (Nunes et al 2005, Bruzi et al 2007, Matos et al 2007, Sena et al 2008. In principle, the methodology to be used should be the most easily analyzable and, particularly, most easily interpretable.…”

Physiological potential of bean seeds as a function of population densities on winter crop season, in northern Minas Gerais

“…The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), by adapting well to various soil and climatic conditions in Brazil and by the high consumption tradition, plays a key role in the diet of the Brazilian population and in the demand for manpower (SENA et al, 2008). It is one of the major agricultural activities in the country, with its chain of production, processing and marketing generating employment and income, especially to lower income classes.…”

Dry matter accumulation in genotypes of bean submitted to different levels of nitrogen

“…There are several systems of bean cultivation in Brazil (SENA et al, 2008). Small producers do not use N or use only in small doses.…”