Avaliação nutricional de rações comerciais e semente de girassol para papagaios-verdadeiros (Amazona aestiva)

Abstract

RESUMONeste experimento utilizou-se de 12 papagaios adultos, distribuídos em blocos ao acaso em seis tratamentos (T1-Ração extrusada para psitacídeos -A, T2 -Ração peletizada para psitacídeos B, T3 -Ração extrusada para psitacídeos C, T4 -Ração para cães linha prêmio; T5-Ração para cães linha econômica e T6 -Semente de Girassol), durante três períodos de colheita, totalizando seis repetições por tratamento. Avaliaram-se os valores de energia metabolizável aparente e verdadeira (EMA e EMV) e corrigidas pelo nitrogênio (EMAn e EMVn); coeficientes de digestibilidade dos nutrientes (energia bruta -EB, matéria seca -MS, matéria orgânica -MO, fibra bruta FB e extrato etéreo -EE), balanço de nitrogênio e proteína metabolizável das dietas testadas. As médias foram comparadas pelo teste SNK. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que 1) os valores de EMA e EMV foram mais altos que EMAn e EMVn. 2) A semente de girassol apresentou a mais alta digestibilidade aparente e verdadeira da matéria seca e da matéria orgânica. 3) A digestibilidade dos lipídeos de todas as dietas foi alta (média de 92,62%). 4) O balanço de nitrogênio (aparente e verdadeiro) foi positivo para todas as aves. Termos para indexação:Digestibilidade, energia metabolizável, balanço de nitrogênio, psitacídeos. ABSTRACTIn this experiment twelve adult parrots were used in a randomized block design distributed in six treatments (T1-Extruded food for psittacines-A, T2-Pellet food for psittacines-B, T3-Extruded food for psittacines-C, T4-Dog food premium line, T5-Dog food economic line and T6-Sunflower seed) during three harvest periods, in six replication for treatment. The values of apparent and true metabolizable energy (AME and TME) were determined and they were corrected by nitrogen (AMEn and TMEn), nutrients digestibility coefficients (GE-Gross Energy, OM-Organic Matter, CF-Crude Fiber and EE-Ether Extract), nitrogen balance and metabolizable protein. The data were analyzed by SNK test. The results allow to conclude that: 1) the values of AME e TME were higher than AMEn and TMEn; 2) the sunflower seeds showed the higher apparent and true digestibility of the dry and organic matter; 3) the lipids digestibility of all diets was high ( 92,62% in average) 4) The nitrogen balance (apparent and true) was positive for all parrots.

Effects of food processing and fibre content on the digestibility, energy intake and biochemical parameters of Blue‐and‐gold macaws (Ara ararauna L. – Aves, Psittacidae)

“…Saad et al. () evaluated for Blue‐fronted parrots two types of extruded foods and one type of pelleted food, verifying even greater amounts of waste than were observed in the present study; they observed losses of 40–74%. Due to the influence of the food format and size on its manipulation and consumption by macaws, we sought to produce foods with similar formats and size.…”

Feed processing effects on digestibility, palatability, excreta fermentation products and blood parameters in blue‐fronted amazon parrots (Amazona aestiva)†

“…Sunflower seed provides higher fat and lower starch intake, which may at least partially explain the respectively higher and lower apparent digestibility of these nutrients compared to those verified for prepared feeds (Sibbald, ). Comparing the three prepared feeds, the digestibility values were compatible with previous data on African grey parrots (Kalmar et al, ), blue‐fronted parrots (Saad, Ferreira, Borges, et al, ) and blue‐and‐gold macaws (Veloso et al, ). Fat and starch digestibility were lower, respectively, for EXT H and EXT L feeds compared with the PEL diet.…”

“…Sunflower seed kernels have shown to be highly digestible for parrots (Saad, Ferreira, Borges, & Lara, 2007). However, a direct comparison between sunflower seed kernel and prepared diet digestibility is difficult due to their many differences.…”

“…Psittacidae is a diverse cluster with more than 330 species that differ in their nutrient and feed requirements (Snyder, McGowan, Gilard, & Grajal, 2000, Forbes & Lawton, 1996. Little information exists on nutrient requirements and feed utilization in the Amazon genus (Kamphues, Wolf, Heisler, & Frömbling, 2001;Carciofi, Prada, Mori, & Prada, 2003;Saad, Ferreira, Borges, & Lara, 2007;Carciofi, Sanfilippo, De-Oliveira, Do Amaral, & Prada, 2008).…”

Comparison of methods for determination of nutrient digestibility of a dry kibble diet for ocelots

“…However, in captivity, diets are normally elaborated empirically, according to the choices and habits observed in wild animals, by trial and error and taking into account the body condition of each animal. Nevertheless, such factors may not be sufficient to attend the individual nutritional demands (Saad et al 2007, Clauss et al 2010.…”