Effect of walking and resting after three cryotherapy modalities on the recovery of sensory and motor nerve conduction velocity in healthy subjects

Abstract

© Revista Brasileira de FisioterapiaEffect of walking and resting after three cryotherapy modalities on the recovery of sensory and motor nerve conduction velocity in healthy subjects Efeito da marcha e do repouso após aplicação de três protocolos de crioterapia na recuperação da velocidade de condução sensorial e motora em sujeitos saudáveis Esperanza Herrera 1 , Maria Cristina Sandoval 1 , Diana M. Camargo 1 , Tania F. Salvini 2 AbstractBackground: Different cryotherapy modalities have distinct effects on sensory and motor nerve conduction parameters. However, it is unclear how these parameters change during the post-cooling period and how the exercise carried out in this period would influence the recovery of nerve conduction velocity (NCV). Objectives: To compare the effects of three cryotherapy modalities on post-cooling NCV and to analyze the effect of walking on the recovery of sensory and motor NCV. Methods: Thirty six healthy young subjects were randomly allocated into three groups: ice massage (n=12), ice pack (n=12) and cold water immersion (n=12). The modalities were applied to the right leg. The subjects of each modality group were again randomized to perform a post-cooling activity: a) 30min rest, b) walking 15 min followed by 15 min rest. The NCV of sural (sensory) and posterior tibial (motor) nerves was evaluated. Initial (pre-cooling) and final (30 min post-cooling) NCV were compared using a paired t-test. The effects of the modalities and the post-cooling activities on NCV were evaluated by an analysis of covariance. The significance level was α=0.05. Results: There was a significant difference between immersion and ice massage on final sensory NCV (p=0.009). Ice pack and ice massage showed similar effects (p>0.05). Walking accelerated the recovery of sensory and motor NCV, regardless of the modality previously applied (p<0.0001). Conclusions: Cold water immersion was the most effective modality for maintaining reduced sensory nerve conduction after cooling. Walking after cooling, with any of the three modalities, enhances the recovery of sensory and motor NCV.Keywords: cryotherapy; cold therapy; nerve conduction; cooling agents; sural nerve; tibial nerve. ResumoContextualização: Diferentes protocolos de crioterapia têm ação distinta nos parâmetros de condução neural sensorial e motora. No entanto, não se sabe como é o comportamento desses parâmetros no período pós-resfriamento e como o exercício físico realizado nesse período atuaria na recuperação da velocidade de condução nervosa (VCN). Objetivos: Comparar o efeito de três protocolos de crioterapia na VCN pós-resfriamento e analisar o efeito da marcha pós-resfriamento na recuperação da VCN sensorial e motora.Métodos: Trinta e seis sujeitos jovens e saudáveis foram alocados aleatoriamente em três grupos: criomassagem (n=12), pacote de gelo (n=12); imersão em água gelada (n=12). As modalidades foram aplicadas na perna direita. Os sujeitos de cada grupo foram novamente aleatorizados para realizar uma atividade pós-resfriamento: a) 30 min de rep...

Intramuscular Temperature Changes During and After 2 Different Cryotherapy Interventions in Healthy Individuals

“…These results are similar to those of previous studies measuring intramuscular temperature 30 minutes posttreatment 17 and sensory nerve conduction velocity 30 minutes posttreatment. 7 In each of those studies, CWI cryotherapy was more effective at creating longer-lasting effects and may therefore be a more effective treatment. Both CIB and CWI remove heat from treated tissues via conduction, which involves direct contact of the intervention with the treatment area.…”

“…When compared to CIB, CWI has been shown to be more effective in reducing nerve conduction parameters after a 15-minute cooling treatment 8 and maintaining the reductions in sensory nerve conduction parameters during rewarming. 7 In a study by Myrer et al, 17 both CIB and CWI decreased intramuscular temperature after a 20-minute treatment, and there was no difference in immediate posttreatment temperature between the modalities. But in the same study, during the 30-minute posttreatment monitoring period, intramuscular temperature increased 2°C after the ice bag was removed, whereas intramuscular temperature continued to decrease nearly 2°C after CWI was removed.…”

Efecto inmediato de la crioterapia sobre la excitabilidad refleja en personas con espasticidad post-ECV

“…Para la aplicación del PH se determinó el punto central de distancia entre el maléolo lateral y la cabeza de la fíbula, lugar que coincidió con el centro de una bolsa plástica de 25x35 cm sin aire, que contenía aproximadamente 1000 gramos de hielo picado en cubos 21,26,40 . El PH fue fijado con una venda elástica sin realizar compresión, durante 20 minutos; este tiempo es usado en el ámbito clínico y se considera suficiente para inducir los efectos fisiológicos y seguro para evitar efectos adversos del frío sobre la piel y los nervios periféricos 41 .…”

“…A su vez, el frío ha demostrado ser efectivo para disminuir la sensibilidad del HNM 21,40,35 . En este estudio la aplicación de una sesión de crioterapia sobre la musculatura espástica generó un aumento estadísticamente significativo de la latencia y duración de la onda H y M. Sin encontrar cambios significativos en el índice de normalización de la amplitud, Hmax/ Mmáx.…”

“…Por tanto, podría relacionarse con el aumento de la latencia. Sandoval y Herrera 21,40,22 hipotetizaron que un cambio en la temperatura altera el tiempo de apertura de los canales de sodio a lo largo del axón, por tanto, el enfriamiento disminuye la velocidad de despolarización permitiendo la entrada de más sodio a la célula, lo que genera un aumento de la latencia del potencial de acción.…”