Fundamentos sobre o conhecimento dos aditivos químicos presentes nas luvas de borracha

Abstract

BACKGROUNDS: One of the most frequent causes of allergic contact dermatitis of occupational origin are rubber additives, which are present in Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). The most allergenic additives of natural and synthetic gloves are thiurams, carbamates and mercapto group. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the state of knowledge about the chemical additives used in the manufacture of synthetic rubber gloves. METHODS: This was a qualitative research study in which professionals working in the manufacture, research, prescription and commercialization of gloves answered an open questionnaire. RESULTS: 30 individuals were interviewed: 4 researchers in occupational medicine, 5 occupational physicians, 2 occupational safety technicians, a rubber workers' union physician, an occupational safety engineer, a pro duction engineer of rubber gloves, 4 importers of gloves, a manufacturer of gloves, 3 businessmen who sell PPE, 3 salesclerks working in stores that sell PPE, 2 businessmen who own stores that sell products for allergic individuals, and 3 dermatologists. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the chemical composition of rubber gloves is scant. The labeling of gloves, with the description of their chemical composition, would facilitate choosing the best type of glove for each person. This low-cost action to businesses would be a gain from the standpoint of public health, with huge repercussions for users of rubber gloves. Keywords: Allergy and immunology; Dermatitis, allergic contact; Dermatitis, contact; Dermatitis, occupational; Gloves, protective; Rubber Resumo: FUNDAMENTOS: Uma das causas mais frequentes de dermatite de contato alérgica, de origem ocupacional, são os aditivos da borracha, presentes nos Equipamentos de Proteção Individual. Os aditivos das luvas natural e sintética mais alergênicos são tiurams, mercaptos e carbamatos. OBJETIVO: levantar o nível de conhecimento em relação aos aditivos químicos utilizados na fabricação das luvas de borracha sintética. MÉTODOS: Foi aplicado um questionário aberto a profissionais que trabalham com fabricação, pesquisa, prescrição e comercialização das luvas. Foi adotado o método de pesquisa qualitativa. RESULTADOS: Foram entrevistadas 30 pessoas: 4 pesquisadores na área de Medicina do Trabalho, 5 médicos do Trabalho, 2 técnicos de segurança do Trabalho, 1 médico do sindicato de trabalhadores da borracha, 1 engenheiro de Segurança do Trabalho, 1 engenheira de Produção do setor de fabricação de luvas de borracha, 4 empresários importadores de luvas, 1 empresário fabricante de luvas, 3 empresários que comercializavam Equipamentos de Proteção Individual, 3 vendedores de lojas de Equipamentos de Proteção Individual, 2 empresários de lojas que comercializavam produtos para alérgicos e 3 dermatologistas. CONCLUSÃO: O conhecimento da composição química das luvas é pequeno. A rotulagem das luvas, com a descrição da composição química, facilitaria a escolha do melhor tipo de luva para cada pessoa. Esta ação, de baixo custo para as empresas, seria um ganho, do ponto de vista d...

Dermatological alterations in women working on dairy farm: a case study

“…The content of latex gloves therefore may cause different types of reaction to the employee using them, such as contact dermatitis caused by irritation, allergic dermatitis of contact due to the chemicals and contact urticaria (FERNANDEZ et al, 2009). Thus, despite latex gloves are an individual protective device at the workplace, they may cause changes in the dermatological integrity (OLIVEIRA & ALCHORNE, 2011), and, therefore deserve attention from the workers, managers and health professionals. Another form of dermatological exposure of dairy factory workers in the rural environment is associated to the contact with cow excrement, mainly characterized by manual tasks involving the hands and the forearms (JEPSEN & FLYVHOLM, 2007).…”

Dermatite de Contacto aos Tiurans – a propósito de um caso clínico

“…8 Perante um quadro de suspeita de DCA aos aditivos da borracha deve ter-se em consideração a possibilidade de o alergénio ser a mistura de tiurans, 9 mas outros químicos como os carbamatos, tiazóis, derivados da parafenielenodiamina, difenilguanidina e cicloheziltioftalimida, podem ser responsáveis por DCA à borracha. Assim poderá ser necessário testar toda a série de produtos utilizados no fabrico da borracha quando os alergénios presentes na série básica (mistura de tiurans, mistura de mercapto, mercaptobenzotiazol e isopropilparafenilenodiamina) são negativos.…”

Reports of occupational dermatosis in the state of Espírito Santo from 2007 to 2016

“…3 Contact dermatitis accounts for 4 to 7% of dermatology consultations, with half the cases attributed to occupational causes. 4 According to current estimates, 60% of occupational illnesses in developing countries fall in the category of OD, with 1% of all workers thought to be affected by these issues. 5 , 6 OD affect workers’ quality of life and productivity, 7 and as such, a confirmed diagnosis can benefit workers by granting their access to legal rights and compensation, while also benefiting employers by reducing the costs of absenteeism, work leave and occupational health audits, as well as the time and money spent on examinations, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation.…”