Modeling of basic density of wood from Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus urophylla using nondestructive methods

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of nondestructive variables in inferring basic density of wood from Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus urophylla. A total of 27 clones of Eucalyptus urophylla and 22 clones of Eucalyptus grandis were used, sourced from a clonal trial set up in Martinho Campos, Minas Gerais. After evaluation using nondestructive techniques of resistography and pin penetration at a constant pressure (Pilodyn ® ), individuals were felled and disks were removed from the 2%, 10%, 30%, 50% and 70% portions of the merchantable height section, and also from the portion 1.30 m above ground level. Basic density was determined by the water immersion method. Values of basic density ranged from 0.412 to 0.609 g.cm -3 for clones at age 42 months and from 0.408 to 0.664 g.cm -3 for clones at age 54 months. The clones of Eucalyptus urophylla provided higher values of average basic density in relation to Eucalyptus grandis. The variable 'amplitude' had better correlation with basic density in comparison with pin penetration at a constant pressure. Nondestructive evaluation can be used in mass preselection of genetic materials, prior to subjecting them to a more accurate, reliable evaluation.

Damage and Loss Due to Ceratocystis fimbriata in Eucalyptus Wood for Charcoal Production

“…The values obtained were consistent with other species of eucalyptus, between 0.442 and 0.648 g/cm³ for Eucalyptus benthamii, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus nitens, and Eucalyptus urophylla (Couto et al 2013;Inagaki et al 2012;Martins et al 2013;Medhurst et al 2012;. Consider each region separately; means followed by the same letter per column do not differ by the t test at 5% probability, standard deviation in parenthesis.…”

Influence of genetic material and radial position on the anatomical structure and basic density of wood from Eucalyptus spp. and Corymbia citriodora

“…However, the fibre length values were slightly lower than those obtained by Trugilho et al (2007) for E. urophylla clones at 5.8 years of age. As for the results obtained for the basic density of hybrids we observed that they are close to the values determined by Couto et al (2013) and Trugilho et al (2015). For the species C. citriodora, the mean values observed for vessel frequency are below those obtained by Benjamin (2006) for juvenile wood of the same species, however the vessel diameter values are in agreement with the results of this present research; the results obtained for the length of the vessel elements and the parameters related to the fibres are similar to those obtained by Palma et al (2010), and Lemos et al (2012).…”

Management intensification maintains wood production over multiple harvests in tropical Eucalyptus plantations

“…, Couto et al. , Sharma et al. ), this corresponds to a third‐rotation mean annual wood production of 17.3–20.4 Mg/ha, or 9–10 Mg C·ha −1 ·yr −1 if wood is ~50% carbon.…”

“…Between rotations 1 and 3, the mean annual increment increased from 36.0 to 40.6 m 3 Áha À1 Áyr À1 in the Atlantic Forest region and 30.1 to 33.8 m 3 Áha À1 Áyr À1 in the Cerrado, comparable to the reported industry average of 36 m 3 Áha À1 Áyr À1 for 2015 (IB A 2016). Wood density varies between clones; assuming a density of 511 kg/m 3 (average of five literature values; Gominho et al 2001, Couto et al 2013, Sharma et al 2015, this corresponds to a thirdrotation mean annual wood production of 17.3-20.4 Mg/ha, or 9-10 Mg CÁha À1 Áyr À1 if wood is~50% carbon. For comparison, annual C uptake for secondary Neotropical forests in the first 20 yr of regrowth ranges from 1 to 11 Mg CÁha À1 Áyr À1 , with a mean of 3 Mg CÁha À1 Áyr À1 (Poorter et al 2016).…”