The evolution and developments of immunosensors for health and environmental monitoring: problems and perspectives

Abstract

This paper is an overview of the recent developments in immunosensors, which have attracted considerable attention. Immunosensors can play an important role in the improvement of public health by providing applications for which rapid detection, high sensitivity, and specificity are important, in areas such as clinical chemistry, food quality, and environmental monitoring. This review focuses on the current research in immunoassay methods based on electrochemical detection for the analysis of environmental samples or medical diagnostic methods with emphasis on recent advances, challenges and trends. Technological aspects in the development of immunosensors such as kinetics of biomolecular interaction, techniques of immobilization, simplification of assay procedures, immunointeration and catalytic studies and system miniaturization are presented

Future Trends for In Situ Monitoring of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water Sources: The Role of Immunosensing Techniques

“…They also need minimal organic compounds, small test samples, little use of organic solvents, and they do not result in extensive cleaning due to potential contamination [75]. Also, the technique makes it possible to analyze many samples at the same time, and in situ analysis of environmental pollutant concentrations in a sample [76,77]. This type of systems would allow a fast screening of multiple samples.…”

Вивчення Класифікації Іммуносенсорів З Погляду На Медичні Завдання

“…In biosensors the receptor layer can be used many times for detection purposes, thus enabling continuous monitoring. For immunoassay, after an immunological reaction is completed, and before the next measurement is made, the receptor layer should be regenerated [6].…”

“…The receptor layer directly contacts the transducer layer where the biological interaction is transformed into a measurable signal [6,9].…”

Characterization of an hrp-aox-polyaniline-graphite composite biosensor

“…Immobilization of the biological material on the electrode surface constitutes a crucial step in development of the biosensor, since the enzyme's structure must be maintained in order to enable its action on the sample of interest [16][17][18]. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is widely used in enzyme-linked biosensors.…”