Política, atores e interesses no processo de mudança institucional: a criação do Ministério da Saúde em 1953

Abstract

This analysis of the 1953 creation of the Ministry of Health identifies the main actors involved, their interests, and the strategies they employed to reach their goals and influence the process of institutional change. Placing the process within the context of the era's specific political characteristics, the article identifies the predominant decision-making arena as well as emergence of this new, autonomous government agency for public health.

Evaluation of the Brazilian Cosmetic Legislation and its impact on the industries during the 20th century

“…In Brazil, the first decade of the 20 th century was marked by the first phase of the Sanitary Movement, when Oswaldo Cruz was Chief Executive of Public Health for the urban sanitation of the Rio de Janeiro (FUNASA, 2004;Hamilton, Fonseca, 2003;Lima, Pinto, 2003;Stuart, 1914). At that time, the regulation of the Brazilian Health Services was defined (Brasil, 1904;Rozenfeld, 2000).…”

“…In this phase, the organization of a specific Ministry of Health was also under discussion in the National Congress (Hamilton, Fonseca, 2003;Lima, Pinto, 2003).…”

“…During the same period, Decree No19402 created the Ministry of Education and Public Health (MESP), representing the control of public health linked to education (Brasil, 1930;FUNASA, 2004;Hochman, 2005), but the proposal of health centralization was still under discussion (Hamilton, Fonseca, 2003). All public health actions were concentrated in this new Ministry and the DNSP was incorporated into it (FUNASA, 2004;.…”

Pensamento clássico da saúde pública paulista na era dos centros de saúde e educação sanitária

“…48 In this domain, his discourse was antinomic to that exported by the Rockefeller Foundation in the 1920s, as it clearly took into account the precedence of political over technical decisions; 15 probably infl uenced by his own political experience and his education in sociology, but certainly also because the national strengthening of political parties and the creation of the Ministry of Health defi nitely took the debate about public health to the arena of political party discussions. 11 The 1950s saw Mascarenha's academic maturity, when he did not refrain from reaffi rming his complicity with his mentors' ideas. "As already said by the late public health professors Geraldo de Paula Souza and Francisco Borges Vieira, the 'health center is the axis of the public health organization'".…”

Uma história de conceitos na saúde pública: integralidade, coordenação, descentralização, regionalização e universalidade

“…Alguns acreditam que sem essa coordenação não se pode considerar um organismo 'Centro de Saúde'. 10 No âmbito continental, os conceitos de integração e coordenação sofreriam nova inflexão dentro do universo discursivo do planejamento que dominou a cena dos anos 1960, centralizando a pauta da Reunião dos Ministros de Saúde das Américas em Washington (OPS, 1963) (Hamilton, Fonseca, 2003) -época na qual o discurso sanitário internacional também migra para a educação médica; o redirecionamento do foco político da saúde pública para o urbano/previdência social (Borges, 1951); e o otimismo sanitário ensejado pelas novas possibilidades terapêuticas de controle e erradicação das doenças transmissíveis (Lima, Fonseca, Hochman, 2005).…”