Qualidade de vida e sobrecarga de trabalho em cuidadores de idosos em seguimento ambulatorial

Abstract

RESUMO:Avaliou-se a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde e sobrecarga de trabalho de 126 cuidadores de idosos atendidos em dois ambulatórios geriátricos de um hospital universitário, bem como a associação entre sobrecarga e variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas. Estudo exploratório-descritivo, de corte transversal e abordagem quantitativa. Foram utilizados um instrumento de caracterização sociodemográfica e clínica, o Zarit Burden Interview, para avaliação da sobrecarga percebida, e o Medical Outcomes Study , para avaliação da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde. Realizaram-se análises descritivas, de comparação, correlação e multivariadas dos dados. Houve diferença significativa entre a sobrecarga de cuidadores dos dois ambulatórios; todos os aspectos sociodemográficos e de cuidado estiveram correlacionados à piora de pelo menos uma dimensão do SF-36 e doenças frequentes nos cuidadores estiveram relacionadas à piora de sua qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde. Constatou-se o desgaste experimentado pelos cuidadores de idosos nessas unidades de saúde DESCRITORES: Idoso. Cuidadores. Qualidade de vida. QUALITY OF LIFE AND WORK OVERLOAD AMONG ELDERLY OUTPATIENT CAREGIVERS ABSTRACT:We evaluated the quality of life related to health and work overloads among 126 caregivers to patients at two geriatric outpatient clinics of a university hospital, as well as the association between overloads and demographic and clinical variables, using an exploratory, descriptive, cross sectional and quantitative approach. The Zarit Burden Interview, a socio-demographic and clinical characterization instrument, was used to assess perceived workloads and the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) was used to assess quality of life related of health. Descriptive, comparative, correlative, and multivariate data analyses were carried out. There was significant difference between two outpatient caregiver workloads; all socio-demographic aspects and variables related to care were associated to worsening at least one dimension of the SF-36; frequent illnesses among caregivers were related to a worsening of their quality of life related to health, demonstrating the wear experienced by caregivers to the elderly in these health care units. DESCRIPTORS:Aged. Caregivers. Quality of life. CALIDAD DE VIDA Y LA CARGA DE TRABAJO DE LOS CUIDADORES DE ANCIANOS ATENDIDOS EN CENTROS GERIÁTRICOSRESUMEN: Se evaluó la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y la carga de trabajo de 126 cuidadores de pacientes atendidos en dos centros geríatricos de un hospital universitario, y la asociación entre el volumen de trabajo y las variables sociodemográficas y clínicas. Es un estudio exploratorio de carácter descriptivo, transversal y cuantitativo. Se utilizó el instrumento de resultados sociodemográficos y clínicos, Zarit Burden Interview para evaluación de la carga percibida, y el Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) para la evaluación de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud. Se hizo el análisis descriptivo, de corr...

Quality of life of relative caregivers of elderly dependents at home

“…As in other studies, 15,[22][23][24] the population studied here presents a low educational level, being 67.3% illiterate or having an incomplete primary school education, which represents a higher percentage than observed in studies 9,12 conducted in regions of Brazil with high HDI.…”

“…7,15 Lower back pain diagnosis was the most common, affecting 63.8% of caregivers, followed by hypertension diagnosis (41.4%) and varicose veins (37.9%), all pathological conditions that may be related to physical overload. Nevertheless, arterial hypertension 15,24 and spine conditions 22 are among the most reported diseases in previous studies.…”

“…Previous studies have already noted that the high age among main caregivers 7,15,22,24 may be associated with the fact that often this caregiver is a spouse 24 or even a son or daughter. Our results show an average age of 47 years, with caregivers largely being sons and daughters (77.6%), followed by spouses (15.5%), which justifies the variation in age between 18 and 80 years.…”

“…7,15,[22][23][24][25] A study 12 concerning the profiles of caregivers of elderly persons reported this variable and identified that most caregivers declared themselves to be white, which can be related to the southeastern region of Brazil, where the research was conducted. In contrast, this study identified that most of the caregivers declared themselves as black (bi-racial/black), the predominant race/ color in northeast Brazil.…”

“…To verify the correlation between WHOQOLbref domains and variables of the caregiver and of the elderly person, the Spearman Correlation Coefficient was used, with ranking according to the magnitude 22 ; <0.3 (weak), ≥0.3 to <0.5 (moderate) and ≥0.5 (strong).…”