A Universidade e as políticas públicas de saúde

Abstract

The time in which the World Health Organization (WHO) conceived health as "a state of complete well-being", the sickness-health process was not comprehended as the result of social variables, but as a static parameter which would result or not with the appearance of disease. When then-Minister of Health in Canada, Mark Lalonde proposed in 1974 a new perspective for the health care system in that country through a worldwide questionnaire which related people to their environments, there began a new perception of the sicknesshealth process and its relationship before social inequalities, as well as the responsibility of public institutions towards promoting health in their populations through establishing and carrying out their policies. In 1978 the WHO, through the Declaration of Alma-Ata, reconceptualized health as the right of every citizen and made sectors of the economy responsible for the adaptation of policies that would be capable of generating health. It was thus launching the concept that health was the result of the elaboration of public policies which range from commitment to planning to social equity, including strengthening society through access to education, information, and the right to one's voice, intending to strengthen health care actions to be implanted. Brazil in the 1980s lived its period of redemocratization, and with it the protagonization of the sanitary movement. The was the discussion of the 8 th National Heatlh Care Conference, which culminated in the proposal for integration of health care actions and proposed the Brazilian Public Health Care System (Sistema Único de Saúde), established by the Brazilian Constitution of 1988, 1 and made into Law Number 8080 (Lei Nº 8080) 2. Thus, if constructing health is its promotion and if its promotion is no longer under the exclusive dominion or responsibility of the professionals and sectors of the health care area, but rather political decisions, there is a need that the University endow society with professionals who are/will be capable of transforming and/or interfering in these policies for the better, directing them towards the promotion of the population's health. Recognizing health as a public good, knowing epideiology and the health care needs of the population, understanding the importance of interdisciplinarism and the multiprofessional team are references for the University to have the responsibility of graduating professionals who are capable of promoting conceptual and structural changes in the "making" health and amplifying its ethical commitments to society. Even with recent technological advances and a directioning founded on abilities that direct the professional practice in health care, a great portion of the population is still attacked and hit with easily controllable diseases. However, they are neglected and they spike in indicators of morbidity and mortality, resulting from unacceptable sanitary conditions, a characteristic of a population without significant quality of life and lower human development. In this sense, politi...

Análise da Eficiência na Atenção Primária à Saúde sob a Ótica dos Profissionais da Área

“…Nesse contexto, deu-se a discussão da 8 a Conferência Nacional de Saúde, que resultou na proposta da integração das ações de saúde e indicou a implantação do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), instituído pela Constituição Brasileira de 1988, disciplinado pela Lei n. 8.080 (Barroso, 2007).…”