“…Besides, the time constants of the electron escape process in the conduction and the valence bands are obtained as where is the energy spacing between ES c(v) and GS c(v) 47 – 49 . In addition, and are the electron degeneracy of the ground and excited states in the conduction and the valance band, respectively which is determined by , , , and 50 . The total number of the electrons of each state, GS c , ES c , GS v , and ES v are demonstrated with , , where V d is the volume of the active region and N QD,i is the corresponding QD density for channel-1 and 2, respectively.…”