“…Adapted from Ahmadi et al, 2018b. Doi et al, 2016; the wavelength, intensity, and duty cycle of optical illumination (Manson and Harrison, 2005;Aslam et al, 2013;Doi et al, 2016;Ji and Dutt, 2016); the application of a bias voltage (Grotz et al, 2012;Kato et al, 2013;Schreyvogel et al, 2014); and, for near-surface NVs, the diamond surface termination (Santori et al, 2009;Fu et al, 2010;Rondin et al, 2010;Hauf et al, 2011;Cui and Hu, 2013;Chu et al, 2014;Groot-Berning et al, 2014;Osterkamp et al, 2015;Newell, Dowdell, and Santamore, 2016;Kageura et al, 2017;Yamano et al, 2017). The charge-state efficiency is likely affected by the conditions of diamond growth, as well as the irradiation dose (Mita, 1996) (see Sec.…”