Alkanes as markers in nutritional studies with wild ruminant and non-ruminant animals

Oliveira, D.A; Silva, Sila Carneiro da

doi:10.1590/s0103-90162007000600015

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The administration of undigestible markers and fecal collections throughout multiple days makes it unfeasible for commercial farms. Additionally, the cost related to the technique could be unwarranted, considering all problems that might occur with the use of markers, such as difference across markers and marker recoveries (Oliveira and da Silva, 2007). Evidence in the literature shows accurate predictions of allantoin, uric acid, creatinine, and nitrogen in urine samples of cows through near-infrared spectroscopy (Susmel et al, 2004).…”

Section: Model Validation (External Data Set)-dairy Cattlementioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary purine derivatives as a tool to estimate dry matter intake in cattle: A meta-analysis

Dórea

Danes

Zanton

et al. 2017

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objectives of this study were to investigate the relationship between dry matter intake (DMI) and urinary purine derivative (PD) excretion, to develop equations to predict DMI and to determine the endogenous excretion of PD for beef and dairy cattle using a meta-analytical approach. To develop the models, 62 published studies for both dairy (45 studies) and beef cattle (17 studies) were compiled. Twenty models were tested using DMI (kg/d) and digestible DMI (dDMI, kg/d) as response variables and PD:creatinine (linear term: PD:C, and quadratic term: PD:C), allantoin:creatinine (linear term: ALLA:C, and quadratic term: ALLA:C), metabolic body weight (BW, kg), milk yield (MY, kg/d), and their combination as explanatory variables for dairy and beef (except for MY) cattle. The models developed to predict DMI for dairy cattle were validated using an independent data set from 2 research trials carried out at the University of Wisconsin (trial 1: n = 45; trial 2: n = 50). A second set of models was developed to estimate the endogenous PD excretion. In all evaluated models, the effect of PD (either as PD:C or ALLA:C) was significant, supporting our hypothesis that PD are in fact correlated with DMI. Despite the BW-independent relationship between PD and DMI, the inclusion of BW in the models with PD:C and ALLA:C as predictors slightly decreased the values of root mean square error (RMSE) and Akaike information criterion for the models of DMI. Our models suggest that both DMI and dDMI can be equally well predicted by PD-related variables; however, predicting DMI seems more useful from a practical and experimental standpoint. The inclusion of MY into the dairy models substantially decreased RMSE and Akaike information criterion values, and further increased the precision of the equations. The model including PD:C, BW, and MY presented greater concordance correlation coefficient (0.93 and 0.63 for trials 1 and 2, respectively) and lower RMSE of prediction (1.90 and 3.35 kg/d for trials 1 and 2, respectively) when tested in the validation data set, emerging as a potentially useful estimator of nutrient intake in dairy cows. Endogenous PD excretion was estimated by the intercept of the linear regression between DMI (g/kg of BW) and PD excretion (mmol/kg of BW) for beef (0.404 mmol/kg of BW) and dairy cattle (0.651 mmol/kg of BW). Based on the very close agreement between our results for beef cattle and the literature, the linear regression appears to be an adequate method to estimate endogenous PD excretion.

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Section: Model Validation (External Data Set)-dairy Cattlementioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary purine derivatives as a tool to estimate dry matter intake in cattle: A meta-analysis

Dórea

Danes

Zanton

et al. 2017

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…)e knowledge about herbivores feeding habits, diet selection, and feed intake is essential to develop an appropriate feeding strategy, i.e. covering their nutritional needs for each specific situation (captive or wild) and providing efficient and sustainable management of the existing vegetation [3][4][5]. )is information is required to match areas of foraging with different types of herbivores and, as stated by Holechek et al [3], to select species compatible with the forage resource, to choose species to reseed, to predict the effect of overgrazing by different animals, to identify new species on which to base management, as well as helping to preserve species balance and achieving better animal performance [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of N-alkanes as Faecal Markers to Estimate Diet Composition, Feed Intake, and Digestibility in European Bison (Bison bonasus)

Ferreira

Pereira

Lourenço

et al. 2022

International Journal of Zoology

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There is a lack of knowledge on the European bison (Bison bonasus L. 1758) foraging behavior that is essential to develop an appropriate feeding strategy for each specific situation (captive or wild). Utilization of faecal markers may allow us to fill this gap, accommodating animal welfare and intensive labour issues that are major limitations of traditional techniques. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of n-alkane markers (C25 to C33) to estimate diet composition, feed intake its digestibility on three captive maleBison bonasus fed on known amounts of straw, and a beeswax labelled concentrate feed. Feeds and faecal samples were taken daily during 10 days. Prior to calculations, faecal concentrations were corrected for incomplete faecal recovery (FR). Results indicated that 4–5 days were sufficient for these markers to reach a steady concentration in bison faeces. Accurate estimates of diet composition and feed intake were obtained not differing from known values. Results suggest that faecal recovery of n-alkanes in bison are incomplete and tend to increase with carbon-chain length. Apparent dry-matter digestibility (DMDap) estimates were affected by the n-alkane (C27, C29,C31, and C33) used in the calculations. Estimates of DMDap obtained with application of FR corrections were 6.3% higher than those without correction. Results indicate that feeding a known amount of beeswax labelled supplement can be successfully used to estimate composition, feed intake, and its digestibility, requiring the application of n-alkane FR data.

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“…n -Alkanes have also been used as markers in nutritional studies with wild ruminant and non-ruminant animals [ 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

n-Alkanes and n-Alkenes in Virgin Olive Oil from Calabria (South Italy): The Effects of Cultivar and Harvest Date

Giuffré

2021

Foods

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n-Alkanes and n-alkenes are components of the unsaponifiable fraction of an olive oil. These were analysed by GC on-column analysis and are here proposed as an additional tool to certify the origin, authenticity, traceability and chemical quality of olive oil produced in the Reggio Calabria province (South Italy). Nine cultivars were studied: Cassanese, Coratina, Itrana, Leccino, Nociara, Ottobratica, Pendolino, Picholine and Sinopolese grown in the region of Calabria (South Italy). n-Alkanes in the range from 21 to 35 chain carbon atoms and alkenes in the range from 23:1 to 25:1 chain carbon atoms were found with the following elution order: heneicosane (C21), docosane (C22), tricosene (C23:1), tricosane (C23), tetracosene (C24:1), tetracosane (C24), pentacosene (C25:1), pentacosane (C25), hexacosane (C26), eptacosane (C27), octacosane (C28), nonacosane (C29), triacontane (C30), entriacontane (C31), dotriacontane (C32), tritriacontane (C33), tetratriacontane (C34), pentatriacontane (C35). The oil of all cultivars showed a decreasing trend in total n-alkane and n-alkene content, with the oil of Sinopolese showing the highest content, varying from 328.50 to 214.00 mg/kg. Odd-chain alkanes predominated over even-chain n-alkanes, and tricosane, tetracosane and pentacosane were the most represented alkanes. Cultivar and harvest date significantly influenced the n-alkane and n-alkene content. These findings can be useful to distinguish different olive cultivars and to decide the fruit harvest date for the oil of the Reggio Calabria province (South Italy). A daily quantity of 30 g of olive oil of the Sinoplese cv (the one with the highest n-alkane and n-alkene content) was found to be in accordance with the suggestions of the European Agency for the evaluation of medicinal products Committee for veterinary medicinal products and biogenic hydrocarbons intake for the human diet.

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Alkanes as markers in nutritional studies with wild ruminant and non-ruminant animals

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

Urinary purine derivatives as a tool to estimate dry matter intake in cattle: A meta-analysis

Urinary purine derivatives as a tool to estimate dry matter intake in cattle: A meta-analysis

Evaluation of N-alkanes as Faecal Markers to Estimate Diet Composition, Feed Intake, and Digestibility in European Bison (Bison bonasus)

n-Alkanes and n-Alkenes in Virgin Olive Oil from Calabria (South Italy): The Effects of Cultivar and Harvest Date

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