Genetic variability in natural populations of Zeyheria montana mart. from the Brazilian Cerrado

Abstract

Zeyheria montana, an endemic species of the Bignoniaceae family from the Brazilian Cerrado's known for its anti-cancer properties, is widely used as imuno stimulant in the popular medicine and its therapeutic activity must be validated by scientific data. The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic variability of eight plant populations collected within the state of São Paulo, Brazil, via Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) used as molecular markers. After an optimized protocol for the amplification reaction, nine selected primers generated 105 reproducible bands, indicating up to 60% polymorphism. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed higher genetic variation within populations (84.03%) than among populations (15.97%). The variation values estimated by φ ST (0.160) indicated moderate to high inter population structuration. Levels of similarity inter plants with genetic and geographical distances, estimated by the unweighted pair-group method analysis (UPGMA) clustering and non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination methods and by the Mantel test (-0.2345 p = 0.118) denoted that the structure found follows the island model, which assumes that a single population of infinite size may have initiated the existing populations of Zeyheria montana, with no spatial position correlation. Based on the obtained data, a germplasm bank from individuals representing the species variability was established. Furthermore the information here reported can be of importance to develop strategies for the conservation of Z. montana. Key words: Bignoniaceae, germplasm bank, bolsa-de-pastor, conservation VARIABILIDADE GENÉTICA ENTRE E DENTRO DE POPULAÇÕES NATURAIS DE Zeyheria montana Mart. DO CERRADO BRASILEIRORESUMO: Zeyheria montana, planta arbustiva da família Bignoniaceae, é uma espécie endêmica do Cerrado e possui atividade anti-câncer, sendo utilizada como estimulante na medicina popular. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a variabilidade genética de oito populações localizadas no estado de São Paulo, utilizando marcadores moleculares de Polimorfismo de DNA Amplificado ao Acaso (RAPD). Após a otimização da reação de amplificação, nove iniciadores selecionados geraram 105 fragmentos RAPD reprodutíveis, sendo que a maioria (60,0%) foi polimórfica. A análise molecular de variância (AMOVA) mostrou que a variabilidade dentro de populações (84,03%) foi maior que entre populações (15,97%). As estimativas de variação φ ST (0,1597) indicam estruturação populacional moderadamente alta. O agrupamento por meio de UPGMA, a ordenação pelo NMDS e o teste de Mantel entre as matrizes de distâncias genéticas e geográficas demonstraram que a estruturação encontrada segue um modelo de "ilhas", onde uma única população de tamanho infinito pode ter dado origem às populações atuais de Zeyheria, sem relação com sua posição espacial. Com base nos resultados obtidos foi estruturado um banco de germoplasma de indivíduos, representando a variabilidade da espécie. Adicionalmente, as informações deste est...

<i>In Vitro</i> Propagation and Conservation of <i>Zeyheriamontana</i> Mart: An Endangered Medicinal Plant

“…Plant aging yielded higher yields of both naphtoquinones and triterpenes ( Table 4) Bertoni et al [23] reported a genetic variability of 15.97% among Z. montanapopulations; such variability could control the lapachol yield among two-year-old plants.…”

Anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects of Zeyheria montana (Bignoniaceae) ethanol extract

“…Those substances share a high chemical similarity with a flavone from Zeyheria tuberculosa, described by Kutney and Hanssen (1971), which exhibits significant anti-herpes virus activity (Hayashi et al 1997). In addition, the pentacyclic triterpenes betulinic acid, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid, with validated anti-inflammatory activity, were found in Z. montana leaves (Bertoni et al 2007). Since an essential database on the chemical profile of Z. montana leaf extract is established, in which flavones and triterpenes are the major constituents, this information should be considered for future purification of analgesic and anti-inflammatory active compounds from this natural source.…”

“…Hoehne], commonly known as "bolsa de pastor", is a plant species native to the Brazilian "cerrado". Z. montana leaf and root extracts are conventionally used in Brazilian folk medicine for the treatment of ulcers, skin tumours and inflammatory diseases (Jacome et al 1999, Bertoni et al 2007). Phytochemical analyses of Z. montana leaf extract showed the presence of terpenoids and flavonoids, while root and stem extracts are particularly rich in lapachol (Almeida et al 1990, Machado et al 2006.…”

Micropropagation Live Pharmacy for Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases Program: The Construction of a New Model Organic Food Production and Medical Plants in Urban Farms

“…4 The in vitro plants stock allows a continuous flow of production at all seasons of the year, and allows the production of seedlings from organs already developed what is, in general, not achieved in natural field conditions. Thanks to this technique it is possible to obtain large amounts of medicinal plants, fruits and vegetables ensuring the medicinal plants and organic food origin certification.…”

“…The micropropagation success depends on the better understanding of the knowledge of the plant cells nutritional requirements specific for each plant species. 4 Therefore, cultivate a living pharmacy by micropropagation ensures the obtained plants reproducibility and traceability, making it possible through micropropagation obtain organic food and medicinal plants larger amounts all year. Apart from intervene positively in the public health, PFVMDCNT contributes to the environment and environmental education, through organic waste management, and technology transfer to population (Figure 2).…”