Cupric citrate as growth promoter for broiler chickens in different rearing stages

Abstract

Feeding cupric citrate as alternative to cupric sulfate to broilers has been suggested in the literature. Day-old male broiler chicks (1,200) were used in an experiment to evaluate the efficacy of cupric citrate supplementation (75 mg Cu kg , 1-42 d). A randomized block design was used, with five treatments, six replicates and 40 birds per pen. The diets, based on corn and soybean meal, and water were offered ad libitum during the 42-day experimental period. Over the entire period, there was no effect of copper supplementation (P > 0.05) on bird live weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion and mortality. Cupric citrate supplementation on the 22-42 d period resulted in worse feed conversion as compared to broilers receiving cupric sulfate (2.014 vs. 1.967, P < 0.05). Copper residues in the litter were reduced when broilers were fed cupric citrate, as compared to cupric sulfate (P < 0.01). The absence of response to copper supplementation can be attributed to the environmental and sanitary rearing conditions. Key words: broiler litter, poultry, copper, performance CITRATO CÚPRICO COMO PROMOTOR DE CRESCIMENTO DE FRANGOS DE CORTE DIFERENTES EM FASES DE CRIAÇÃORESUMO: Citrato cúprico foi apontado como alternativa ao sulfato cúprico como promotor de crescimento na dieta de frangos. Este trabalho avaliou a eficácia do citrato cúprico em diferentes fases da criação de frangos de corte. Foram utilizados 1200 pintos machos, em um experimento em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos, seis repetições e 40 aves por parcela. Os tratamentos consistiram de uma dieta não suplementada ou suplementada com citrato cúprico anidro (75 mg Cu kg -1 ) de 1 a 21 dias, de 22 a 42 dias ou de 1 a 42 dias, ou com sulfato cúprico pentahidratado (200 mg Cu kg -1 ) de 1 a 42 dias. Foram avaliados o desempenho das aves e o resíduo de cobre na cama. Dietas, à base de milho e farelo de soja, e água foram fornecidas à vontade durante todo o período experimental. Não houve efeito da suplementação de cobre (P > 0,05) sobre o peso vivo, ganho de peso, consumo de ração, conversão alimentar e mortalidade mais refugagem. Os frangos que receberam citrato cúprico na ração a partir dos 22 dias tiveram, no período 22-42 dias, conversão alimentar pior que aqueles que receberam sulfato cúprico ( 2,014 vs. 1,967, P < 0,05). O resíduo de cobre na cama das aves que receberam citrato cúprico na dieta foi reduzido em comparação às que receberam sulfato cúprico (P < 0,01). O cobre não resultou em efeito promotor de crescimento em função das condições ambientais e sanitárias do experimento. Palavras-chave: aves, cobre, cama de frango, desempenho

Alternatives to antibiotics for maximizing growth performance and feed efficiency in poultry: a review

“…The use of trace minerals to increase animal productivity and performance has been gaining importance in the recent years and they are being substituted in levels beyond the recommended nutritional requirements. Copper, an essential trace mineral, plays a significant role in hemoglobin synthesis, angiogenesis, connective tissue, bone development, and more importantly serves as a cofactor for many metabolic enzymes (Brainer et al ., 2003; Richards et al ., 2010; Vasanth et al ., 2015). The use of copper as growth promotant in poultry diets has been well demonstrated.…”

“…In contrast to these studies, several other research trials investigating the beneficial effects of zinc supplementation did not show any performance effects, but in general observed improved immune status of the birds (Sunder et al ., 2008; Yogesh et al ., 2013). The growth promotant effect seen following in-feed supplementation of some of the metals such as zinc, copper can be attributed to their antimicrobial properties (Cromwell, 1991; Brainer et al ., 2003; Yazdankhah et al ., 2014). From studies conducted in pigs, it was proposed that zinc and copper alter the intestinal microbiota by reducing the levels of both commensal and pathogenic bacteria, and also by reducing fermentation loss of nutrients (Højberg et al ., 2005; Yazdankhah et al ., 2014).…”

Dietary phytase effects on copper requirements of broilers

“…Copper has been supplemented to broiler feeds because of uncertainty about its availability in plant feedstuffs and, therefore, to avoid deficiency. Nonetheless, poultry excreta has high Cu regardless of the level utilized in feeds, which eventually leads to increased Cu in soils used for agriculture ( 8 , 46 , 47 ). In the present study, diets fed to broilers without Cu supplementation optimized broiler growth up to 28 d. In parallel, no effects were observed for other responses not directly related to growth, regardless of the addition of phytase.…”

Продуктивність Молодняку Перепелів За Використання Різних Джерел Купруму У Комбікормі

“…Також він каталізує включення феруму в структуру гему і є незамінною речовиною в кровообігу (Emelyanov, 2002). Нині однією з найбільш доступних для використання неорганічних сполук Cu є сульфат, який додається в раціон птиці понад його вміст у базових комбікормах в якості протимікробного і стимулюючого активатора (Arias, Koutos, 2006;Brainer et al, 2003;Mondal et al, 2007;Shahzad et al, 2012;Wang et al, 2007;Abaza et al, 2009;Zahedi et. al., 2013).…”