Application times, sources and doses of nitrogen on wheat cultivars under no till in the Cerrado region

Abstract

Proper management of nitrogen fertilization and using cultivars with high productive potential are essential to obtain high wheat yield. Thus, the objective of the present study was to assess the effects of different N doses and sources, one with a nitrification inhibitor, applied at sowing or as side dressing, on the production components and yield of two wheat cultivars irrigated, under no till, cultivated in a region of low altitude Cerrado (Selvíria - MS). A randomized block design was used in a 5x3x2x2 factorial arrangement, that is, five nitrogen doses (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200kg ha-1), three nitrogen sources (ammonium sulfonitrate with nitrification inhibitor (Entec®), ammonium sulfate and urea) and two nitrogen application times (at sowing or side dressing) on two wheat cultivars ('E 22' and 'E 42') with three replications. There was no difference for grain yield between the wheat cultivars and among the nitrogen sources. The application of nitrogen totally at sowing is feasible as well as the traditional application at sowing and side dressing. The nitrogen doses increased the leaf N content of the 'E 22' cultivar, resulting in a reduction in the hectolitric mass of the 'E 42' cultivar and increased grain yield of the 'E 22' and 'E 42' wheat yield cultivars, respectively, up to doses of 126 and 122kg ha-1 N, regardless of the application time and the nitrogen source.

Inoculation With Growth-Promoting Bacteria Azospirillum brasilense and Its Effects on Productivity and Nutritional Accumulation of Wheat Cultivars

“…Nitrogen (N) is one of the most necessary nutrients in high doses to meet the nutrient limitation and current wheat productivity demands (Teixeira Filho et al, 2012;Galindo et al, 2016). The complex nature of N dynamics in the soil and the use of non-ideal management practices in several crops (Abalos et al, 2014) lead to a large amount of N losses from leaching and volatilization that can affect water bodies and pollute the environment (Bindraban et al, 2015).…”

Chemical soil attributes after wheat cropping under nitrogen fertilization and inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense

“…Proper nitrogen fertilization is difficult to manage; achieving high yields in cereal crops such as wheat requires large amounts of fertilizer (TEIXEIRA FILHO et al, 2014) and the adequate management of soil fertility.…”

“…However, most studies conducted in Brazil have shown that combination treatments with urea and urease inhibitors and treatments with only conventional urea have the same nutritional efficiency and produce similar wheat yields (TEIXEIRA FILHO et al, 2011). This finding has not been observed in some studies that were carried out in temperate countries (CANTARELLA et al, 2008) likely because the inhibitory action of urease is not effective in reducing NH 3 losses by volatilization that occur when the urea is applied to the surface of soils and because the action of NBPT depends on environmental conditions (temperature and pluvial precipitation) and the physicochemical characteristics of the soil.…”

Losses in Wheat Crop as a Function of the Water Content of the Grains at Harvest

“…In the 2015 harvest, the Brazilian area planted with wheat was about 2.0 million hectares, with production of 5.6 million tons and average productivity of 2.89 t ha -1 , with the southern region accounting for approximately 90% of national production (CONAB, 2016). In this context, the Cerrado region of Central Brazil has great potential for the expansion of the wheat crop, as it offers optimum climate and soil conditions, a strategic market position and industrialization capacity, as well as being able to be harvested in the off-season harvest of South Brazil and Argentina and, with superior characteristics of industrial quality for baking (TEIXEIRA FILHO et al, 2011).…”