This study aims to evaluate the effect of substrates and container content on growth and quality of Peltophorum dubium seedlings. The design was completely randomized in a factorial arrangement (2 × 9), with two containers sizes (125 cm 3 and 280 cm 3 ) and nine substrates formulated from the mixture of subsoil (S), vermicompost (V) and commercial substrate (CS), in the following proportions (v:v): S 100 , V 100 , CS 100 , S 75 + V 25 , S 50 + V 50 , S 25 + V 75 , CS 75 + V 25 , CS 50 + V 50 and CS 25 + V 75 , with nine replicates. We assessed seedling height, stem diameter, root and shoot dry matter, height/shoot dry matter ratio; Dickson quality index; and percentages of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium in the shoot. The use of the 125 cm 3 dibble tube containing 100% vermicompost allowed for higher quality of Peltophorum dubium seedlings.