Análise multivariada da resistência do solo à penetração sob plantio direto

Neto, Pedro Henrique Weirich; Borghi, Elaine; Sverzut, Cláudio Bianor; Mantovani, Evandro Chartuni; Gomide, R. L.; Newes, Walter Luiz de Castro

doi:10.1590/s0103-84782006000400022

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Each principal component is directly related to a soil layer, where the first component (PC1), accounting for 53.39% of the total variance, corresponds to the depth of the soil where they presented the highest values of PR located between 0,40 and 0.60 m, an area that is less influenced by the natural processes of soil weathering and where the tillage and machinery traffic probably had little effect, since in this area are not used heavy equipment, obeying this behavior mainly to natural features and drainage conditions, as also reported by WERICH NETO et al (2006). In sequence, the second component is related to the surface layer, which presents the major changes, both agronomic management and soil formation processes.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

Soil penetration resistance analysis by multivariate and geostatistical methods

2012

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ABSTRACT:The penetration resistance (PR) is a soil attribute that allows identifies areas with restrictions due to compaction, which results in mechanical impedance for root growth and reduced crop yield. The aim of this study was to characterize the PR of an agricultural soil by geostatistical and multivariate analysis. Sampling was done randomly in 90 points up to 0.60 m depth. It was determined spatial distribution models of PR, and defined areas with mechanical impedance for roots growth. The PR showed a random distribution to 0.55 and 0.60 m depth. PR in other depths analyzed showed spatial dependence, with adjustments to exponential and spherical models. The cluster analysis that considered sampling points allowed establishing areas with compaction problem identified in the maps by kriging interpolation. The analysis with main components identified three soil layers, where the middle layer showed the highest values of PR.KEYWORDS: compaction, cluster analysis, principal components, Andisol. ANÁLISIS DE LA RESISTENCIA A LA PENETRACIÓN DEL SUELO MEDIANTE MÉTODOS GEOESTADÍSTICOS Y MULTIVARIADOSRESUMEN: La resistencia a la penetración (RP) es un atributo del suelo que permite identificar zonas con restricciones debido a la compactación, que se traduce en impedancia mecánica para el desarrollo de las raíces y en una menor productividad de los cultivos. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue caracterizar la RP de un suelo agrícola, mediante análisis geoestadístico y multivariado. El muestreo se realizó de manera aleatoria en 90 puntos, hasta una profundidad de 0,60 m. Se determinaron los modelos de distribución espacial de la RP y se delimitaron áreas con problemas de impedancia mecánica de las raíces. La RP presentó distribución aleatoria a 0,55 y 0,60 m de profundidad. La RP en las otras profundidades analizadas mostraron dependencia espacial, con ajustes a modelos exponenciales y esféricos. El análisis jerárquico que consideró puntos de muestreo, permitió establecer zonas con problemas de compactación, identificadas en los mapas obtenidos mediante interpolación por kriging. El análisis de componentes principales permitió identificar tres capas de suelo, donde la capa intermedia fue la que presentó los mayores valores de RP.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

Soil penetration resistance analysis by multivariate and geostatistical methods

2012

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“…In this case, the statistical analysis is usually applied for each profile layer. Multivariate techniques can be used to detect contrasting layers (Weirich Neto et al, 2006), but in most cases they are arbitrarily defined or based on PR behavior changes in depth. Therefore, the choice of thicker or thinner layers may modify the statistical results and the study conclusions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of the variability in soil penetration resistance for statistical analysis

Gubiani¹,

Reichert

Reinert

et al. 2011

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYSoil penetration resistance (PR) is a measure of soil compaction closely related to soil structure and plant growth. However, the variability in PR hampers the statistical analyses. This study aimed to evaluate the variability of soil PR on the efficiency of parametric and nonparametric analyses in indentifying significant effects of soil compaction and to classify the coefficient of variation of PR into low, medium, high and very high. On six dates, the PR of a typical dystrophic Red Ultisol under continuous no-tillage for 16 years was measured. Three tillage and/ or traffic conditions were established with the application of: (i) no chiseling or additional traffic, (ii) additional compaction, and (iii) chiseling. On each date, the nineteen PR data (measured at every 1.5 cm to a depth of 28.5 cm) were grouped in layers with different thickness. In each layer, the treatment effects were evaluated by variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis analyses in a completely randomized design, and the coefficients of variation of all analyses were classified (low, intermediate, high and very high). The ANOVA performed better in discriminating the compaction effects, but the rejection rate of null hypothesis decreased from 100 to 80 % when the coefficient of variation increased from 15 to 26 %.

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“…Entre os atributos físicos utilizados para avaliar a qualidade física do solo, a resistência do solo à penetração tem sido atualmente priorizada para avaliar sistemas de manejo e qualidade de operações agrícolas, por ser um atributo diretamente relacionado ao crescimento das plantas e de fácil e rápida determinação (STONE et al, 2002). Weirich Neto et al (2006) propõem o uso de análise multivariada para uma localização mais precisa das camadas de solo com comportamento semelhante quanto à resistência do solo à penetração.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Alteração em atributos fisicos de um solo sob pastagem após escarificação

et al. 2009

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, Zigomar Menezes de Souza RESUMOA compactação do solo pode ser considerada uma das principais causas de degradação de pastagens. Entre várias técnicas de mobilização do solo para rompimento de camadas compactadas, a escarificação apresenta aspectos positivos para um manejo conservacionista. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, avaliar as alterações ocorridas na resistência do solo à penetração, porosidade do solo e densidade do solo de um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo, sob pastagem mediante sua escarificação. Implementou-se um experimento em uma área de Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. em Nova Odessa (SP), utilizando um escarificador com discos de corte e ponteiras aladas. A resistência do solo à penetração foi avaliada utilizando um penetrógrafo hidráulico eletrônico e a densidade do solo e porosidade do solo, a partir de amostras indeformadas. As camadas de solo identificadas por análise multivariada da resistência do solo à penetração foram alteradas pela escarificação. A escarificação do solo reduziu significativamente os valores de resistência do solo à penetração. A escarificação do solo promoveu maiores alterações nos atributos físicos na profundidade de 0,0-0,1 m, na entrelinha da passagem das hastes do escarificador. Termos para indexação:Compactação do solo, degradação do solo, resistência do solo à penetração. ABSTRACTSoil compaction is considered one of the main causes of pasture degradation. Several techniques can be applied to reduce compacted soil layers. Chisel plowing is one of the farming expedients that present the most positive aspects regarding the soil conservation management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in soil penetration resistance, soil porosity and bulk density in an oxisol soil of a pasture field after chisel plowing. The experiment was set up in Nova Odessa (SP) on a Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. field, using a chisel plow with cutting discs and winged tips. The soil penetration resistance was evaluated with an electronic hydraulic penetrographer, and the porosity and bulk density with undeformed samples. The soil layers identified by multivariate data analysis of the soil penetration resistance were changed by soil scarification. The soil scarification procedure decreased the soil penetration resistance. The soil scarification showed the highest changes in physical attributes in the layer of 0.0-0.1 m, between the lines of the chisel plow shanks.

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Análise multivariada da resistência do solo à penetração sob plantio direto

Abstract: RESUMO Com vistas ao aumento da produção, optou-se

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Soil penetration resistance analysis by multivariate and geostatistical methods

Soil penetration resistance analysis by multivariate and geostatistical methods

Implications of the variability in soil penetration resistance for statistical analysis

Alteração em atributos fisicos de um solo sob pastagem após escarificação

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