Morphology of glandular stomach (Ventriculus glandularis) and muscular stomach (Ventriculus muscularis) of the partrigde Rhynchotus rufescens

Abstract

Twenty adult partridges Rhynchotus rufescens were used for morphologic and histological study. The materials destined to the morphologic study were collected and the lengths of the glandular stomach and of the muscular stomach were measured. For the histological study, fragments of the glandular stomach (gastric proventriculus, Ventriculus glandularis) and of the muscular stomach (gastric ventriculus, Ventriculus muscularis) were stained routinely with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Masson’s trichrome stain. Glandular stomach is prolonged, with a fusiform format toward craniocaudalis and for the left. It presents a mean length of 3.20cm in the females and 3.65cm in the males. Gastric proventriculus is composed by several lobes and glands. The mucosa is formed by a simple cubic epithelium, which is much folded. Muscular stomach has the format of a biconvex lens, with 4.30cm and 4.35cm of mean length for the females and male, respectively. The mucosa is formed by folds lined by columnar cells and the mucus that forms the cuticula. There are crypts in the base of the folds. Closely, there is a lamina propria and a thick smooth muscle layer, which is placed according to the format of the organ. A dense portion of connective tissue constitutes the serosa, mixed by some smooth muscle cells.

Histomorphological and Histochemical Studies of the Stomach of the Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos)

“…4). This finding differ with in owl (Rocha and De Lima, 1998), in partridge (Rossi et al, 2005) noted that a well-developed tunica muscularis is arranged as inner circular and outer longitudinal layers of smooth muscle. In parrots (Denbow, 2000) added that the outer longitudinal layer is absent.…”

“…Conversely, not well demarcated proventriculus from the esophagus and gizzard was described in meat eater birds, such as; Hawks and Eagles. Dissimilar to mallard, difficult demarcation of the esophagus-proventriculus junction was also found in case of most fowl (Baumel and King, 1993), in bustards (Bailey et al, 1997) and in partridge (Rossi et al, 2005). The proventriculus in mallard was located in the left ventral part of the coelomic cavity lying between the esophagus cranially and the gizzard caudally (Fig.…”

“…1) and such trait similarly observed in most avian species, such as; domestic fowl (Gallus gallus) (Akester, 1986), partridge (Rhynchotus rufescens) (Rossi et al, 2005) and Japanese quail (Ahmed et al, 2011). Conversely, Abumandour (2014) cited that stomach in some birds consists of three compartments; namely proventriculus, ventriculus and pyloric part.…”

“…The surface epithelium on the folds was a simple columnar tissue and each fold had a core of lamina propria to support it (Nasrin et al, 2012). Rossi et al (2005) observed in the gizzard's mucosa of the partridge (Rhynchotus rufescens) low folds lined by simple columnar to cuboidal epithelium. The mucosa revealed the presence of tubular Asian J.…”

“…The wall of the glandular part of the avian stomach, which produces gastric juice was constructed of the known usual layers of a typical tubular organ comprising mucosal, submucosal, muscular and serosal layers (Rossi et al, 2005;Hassouna, 2001). Generally, the mucosa was made of three constituents, that were epithelium, lamina propria and muscularis mucosa.…”