Representações do estigma da hanseníase nas mulheres do Vale do Jequitinhonha-MG

Abstract

Resumo O artigo analisa as percepções do estigma da hanseníase pelas mulheres que vivem no Vale do Jequitinhonha, em Minas Gerais. A produção está associada às marcas individuais e à interpretação social destas, sob a forma de rótulos que identifiquem o doente. Tal marca subentende a própria visão do indivíduo acometido que, no caso estudado, está relacionada à exclusão social, à pobreza e à religiosidade. Para compreender o estigma em meio à estruturação de serviços de saúde e trabalhos de informação das equipes de saúde, foram realizadas entrevistas com mulheres, sendo todas portadoras ou ex-portadoras da doença. As dificuldades de relacionamento com os serviços, com o próprio corpo, com a família, assim como a relação da doença com aspectos místicos e religiosos, são categorias analíticas que emergiram da pesquisa. O estigma manifesto em situações isoladas, e sob a decisão do indivíduo.

Knowledge and practices of Primary Care professionals on diabetic neuropathy: study of social representations

“…This will result in their segregation, sometimes subtle, of the environments/practices once attended/performed, and thoughts and attitudes of self-prejudice, self-discrimination, seclusion and social distance both for fear of the prejudice and discrimination of others and for the frustration in not being able to enjoy the same possibilities of food consumption and leisure as people they see as "normal" and "healthy". These inferences are congruent with findings from a study of SR on leprosy, showing that the characteristics of a non-communicable disease, due to the psychosocial damage it generates, can gain the status of a communicable disease for those affected by it (34) . The psycho-affective dimension, by revealing the meanings attributed to the altered body and the nuances potentially noticed in the emotional domain, allows us to infer that, in the view of professionals, this dimension is a determinant available to patients to take care of themselves.…”

Stigma experienced by men diagnosed with COVID-19

“…Discrimination processes with stigmatizing characteristics were highlighted by participants, who reported suffering from the imposed distance, mistrust and attitudes that separate them from people and that remained even after the disease was cured. These findings corroborate those experienced by subjects affected by AIDS, tuberculosis, leprosy and the H1N1 flu (28)(29)(30)(31) , whose deteriorating effects on the identity constructed in the social experience of the illness persisted over time. This may lead us to question whether discrimination related to the COVID-19 experience will be perpetuated as a social brand in the post-pandemic.…”

“…Studies involving people with HIV/AIDS and leprosy found that stigma brings immediate and late psycho-emotional repercussions to events, including the introjection of stigma itself, leading individuals to act in advance, as they predict that they will be treated by others, encouraging them to avoid rapprochement, with damage to the quality of social interactions and the maintenance of bonds (30)(31) . The anticipation of stigma hinders the search for health services, either avoiding them or delaying their search, which may compromise treatment adherence and translates into significant barriers to adopting healthy behaviors and difficulty in achieving control over their own disease, leading to the advance of the outbreak (31) .…”

Imagens e representações sociais: a fotolinguagem e photovoice na produção de dados sobre fenômenos de saúde

“…Na área da saúde, vários objetos de RS são revestidos dessa carga afetiva, que mobiliza atitudes, como a hanseníase, marcada pelo estigma que gera o embotamento social dos portadores; a eutanásia, que mobiliza o debate no campo da saúde, jurídico e da religião a partir de valores e crenças sociais; e o corpo mastectomizado para as mulheres, que associa representações negativas pela aparência da mama [24][25][26] .…”