Influence of serum and necrotic soft tissue on the antimicrobial effects of intracanal medicaments

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of serum and necrotic soft tissue on the antimicrobial activity of intracanal medicaments. The medicaments tested were: calcium hydroxyde/glycerin paste, calcium hydroxide/chlorhexidine paste, calcium hydroxide/camphorated paramonochlorophenol/glycerin paste, and chlorhexidine/zinc oxide paste. Survival of Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans exposed to the medicaments tested in the presence or absence of serum or necrotic tissue was monitored in three in vitro experiments where samples for culturing were taken at different time periods. The overall results demonstrated that the antimicrobial activity of all intracanal medicaments tested was slowed down in the presence of necrotic tissue. Calcium hydroxide pastes in glycerin or chlorhexidine were significantly affected by serum. Of the medicaments tested in this study, the least affected was the calcium hydroxide/camphorated paramonochlorophenol/glycerin paste.

Antibacterial effect of calcium hydroxide combined with chlorhexidine on Enterococcus faecalis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The fnal results of the search in Medline (via PubMed), EMbase, EBSCOhost, The Cochrane Library, SciELO, and BBO were 77, 65, 17, 3, 4, and 7 studies, respectively. After the primary review, 44 studies 2-8,14-16,20,22,26-30,35,40,50,52,55-57,62-64,67,68,71,72,80,85,89,95,97,98,102,104,105,107,113-115 were considered relevant, and 40 studies 1,9,10,13,19,24,25,31,34,38,42-44,46-49,51,53,54,58-60,65,66,69,75-79,81,83,86,94,103,106,110-112 were irrelevant. Inter-observer agreement (Cohen kappa) was 0.93.…”

“…Thus, 45 studies were considered as irrelevant (5 in vivo , 18 in vitro , 18 ex vivo , and 4 review articles). By implementation of inclusion and exclusion criteria, nine studies 4,8,14,15,20,55,80,85,98 were included and 36 studies 2,3,5-7,16,22,26-30,35,40,50,52,56,57,62-64,67,68,71,72,82,89,95,97,102,104,105,107,113-115 were excluded (Figure 3). …”

Antimicrobial effect of calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medicament in root canal treatment: a literature review - Part I.In vitrostudies

“…Portenier et al found that the susceptibility of E. faecalis differed with its various phases such as the starvation, stationary, or exponential growth phases 65. Oliveira et al reported that the existence of serum or necrotic tissue slowed down the antimicrobial activity of intracanal medicaments 66. Irrespective of the results, we have to take care in using phenolic compounds such as CMCP, because they may have toxic and/or antigenic effects 67…”

Atividade antimicrobiana e biocompatibilidade de um medicamento intracanal à base de hidróxido de cálcio e aloe vera

“…[6][7][8][9] This result was due to the fact that the gel extracted from AV leaves stimulates fibroblastic cell growth, thus favoring the healing process. 7 All groups presented higher degree of tissue fibrosing after 7 days when compared to the control group.…”

“…5 Several substances, such as propylene glycol (PG), camphorated paramonochlorophenol (CPMC), glycerin, and chlorhexidine (CHX), have been suggested as vehicles to improve hydroxyl ion dissociation and increase the antimicrobial ability of Ca(OH)2. [6][7][8][9] According to Silveira et al, 9 propylene glycol is an adequate vehicle for Ca(OH)2 due to its antimicrobial potential associated with the ability to control pH variation and more effective liberation of calcium ions. Moreover, Simon et al, 10 observed that only 15 seconds were needed for the association between Ca(OH)2 and PG to eliminate microorganisms found in the RCS.…”