Linfócitos T CD4+CD25+ e a regulação do sistema imunológico: perspectivas para o entendimento fisiopatológico da sepse

Abstract

The systemic inflammatory response represents the core pathogenic event of sepsis, underlying clinical manifestations and laboratory findings in patients. Numerous studies have shown that CD4+CD25+ T lymphocytes, also known as regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg), participate in the development of sepsis due to their ability to suppress the immune response. The present article discusses the role of Treg lymphocytes in sepsis based on a specific search strategy (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences / Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde-LILACS, PubMed, and Scientific Electronic Library Online-SciELO) focusing on two main topics: the participation of Treg cells in inflammation and immunity as well as perspectives in the computational physiological investigation of sepsis.

Plasmodium Falciparum Infection: In Silico Preliminary Studies

“…Currently, such proposal is focused on the mapping of the main aspects of the immune response in sepsis for testing in silico hypotheses about this morbid condition in the case of Gram-negative bacteria (OLIVEIRA et al, 2012;SIQUEIRA-BATISTA et al, 2012c). From it, pathophysiological and therapeutic hypotheses have been raised, particularly with regard to the use of antimicrobials, and references to the characteristics of this morbid entity (SOUZA, 2014).…”

Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Sepsis: Biological Studies and Prospects From In Silico Research

“…This inflammatory response, however, must be strictly controlled: it requires protection from the causative microorganism, but at the same time, an exaggerated activation of NLR induces caspase-1 activity, which leads to intense processing of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 and IL-18, resulting in promotion of significant damage to the organism [23,24]. Total selected publications 24 In fact, the role of the pro-inflammatory cytokines in sepsis is crucial [21,25], given that they regulate the immune response to infections and are fundamental in regulating inflammations and traumas [26]. Then, TNF-α and IL-1 play important roles, since they bind to target cells and induce secretion of more inflammatory mediators [21,25].…”

“…Total selected publications 24 In fact, the role of the pro-inflammatory cytokines in sepsis is crucial [21,25], given that they regulate the immune response to infections and are fundamental in regulating inflammations and traumas [26]. Then, TNF-α and IL-1 play important roles, since they bind to target cells and induce secretion of more inflammatory mediators [21,25].…”

“…In addition to its pro-inflammatory effects, MIF also (i) induces and amplifies the production of other pro-inflammatory cytokines and (ii) positively regulates TLR4 expression by phagocytes. At high concentrations, it prevents macrophage apoptosis, leading to a sustained inflammatory response [25][26][27].…”

“…The first is represented by pro-inflammatory cytokines, which amplify inflammatory responses, and the second is made up of anti-inflammatory cytokines which suppress the inflammatory response [18]. Studies using AutoSimmune are currently under development, with this configuration, with some preliminary results published [25,42,43]. At the moment, the group is working on breaking down the two large abstract groups of cytokines in order to substitute groups CK1 and CK2 for individual implementation of IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IFN-γ and TNF-α.…”