Influence of sources and meteorology on surface concentrations of gases and aerosols in a coastal industrial complex

Allen, Andrew G.; McGonigle, Andrew J. S.; Cardoso, Arnaldo Alves; Machado, Cristine M. D.; Davison, Brian; Paterlini, Willian C.; Rocha, Gisele O. da; Andrade, Jaílson Bittencourt de

doi:10.1590/s0103-50532009000200004

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The high particulate matter concentration and the influence of the industrial complex have been studied by Allen et al (2009 ). This can be attributed to sea salt particles contribution transported, high concentration of sodium (310 ng/m 3 ) and chloride (635 ng/m 3 ) were also found on that day.…”

Section: Meteorological Data and Backward Trajectory Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition of PM2.5 and PM10 Collected at Urban Sites in Brazil

Souza

Vasconcellos

Lee

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Atmospheric particulate matter samples (PM 2.5 and PM 10 ) were collected at urban sites (São Paulo, SPA; Piracicaba, PRB) in São Paulo State, Brazil. In order to characterize the chemical composition of particulate matter, several chemical components were analyzed from the samples, and among these were inorganic and organic anions, monosaccharide anhydrides, and organic and elemental carbon. Long-range transport of the particulate matter while sugar cane was being burned contributed to an increase in PM 2.5 and PM 10 concentrations at the SPA site. Sulphate, nitrate, ammonium, elemental carbon and particulate organic material (POM) were major components of the total PM 2.5 and PM 2.5-10 . The contribution of POM to PM 2.5 at PRB was 29%, similar to the results found for the winter season at the SPA site.The Cl -/Na + ratio at the SPA site for PM 2.5 was different from that at the other site, with chloride depletion indicating several sources beyond sea salt. The occurrence of levoglucosan and its correlations with potassium confirm the contribution of local biomass burning (at PRB) and long-range transported particles at SPA. OC/EC ratios and the correlation coefficients indicated secondary formation of OC at both sites.

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Section: Meteorological Data and Backward Trajectory Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition of PM2.5 and PM10 Collected at Urban Sites in Brazil

Souza

Vasconcellos

Lee

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…The median particle number concentration during precipitation with an intensity of 3 mm h −1 or more was 1.4 × 10 4 cm −3 . The upper extremes of the particle number concentration originate from NPF events or by incidental nearby anthropogenic emissions (Allen et al, 2009;Hyvärinen et al, 2009Hyvärinen et al, , 2010. Figure 2b presents the diurnal cycle of the median modal number concentration of the nucleation (6-25 nm), the Aitken (25-90 nm), and the accumulation mode (90-800 nm).…”

Section: Diurnal Cycle Of Aerosol Number Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the diurnal cycle of urban aerosols, black carbon and the occurrence of new particle formation events in springtime São Paulo, Brazil

Backman

Rizzo²,

Hakala

et al. 2012

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Large conurbations are a significant source of the anthropogenic pollution and demographic differences between cities that result in a different pollution burden. The metropolitan area of São Paulo (MASP, population 20 million) accounts for one fifth of the Brazilian vehicular fleet. A feature of MASP is the amount of ethanol used by the vehicular fleet, known to exacerbate air quality. The study describes the diurnal behaviour of the submicron aerosol and relies on total particle number concentration, particle number size distribution, light scattering and light absorption measurements. Modelled planetary boundary layer (PBL) depth and air mass movement data were used to aid the interpretation. During morning rush-hour, stagnant air and a shallow PBL height favour the accumulation of aerosol pollution. During clearsky conditions, there was a wind shift towards the edge of the city indicating a heat island effect with implications on particulate pollution levels at the site. The median total particle number concentration for the submicron aerosol typically varied in the range 1.6 × 10 4 -3.2 × 10 4 cm −3 frequently exceeding 4 × 10 4 cm −3 during the day. During weekdays, nucleation-mode particles are responsible for most of the particles by numbers. The highest concentrations of total particle number concentrations and black carbon (BC) were observed on Fridays. Median diurnal values for light absorption and light scattering (at 637 nm wavelength) varied in the range 12-33 Mm −1 and 21-64 Mm −1 , respectively. The former one is equal to 1.8-5.0 µg m −3 of BC. The growth of the PBL, from the morning rush-hour until noon, is consistent with the diurnal cycle of BC mass concentrations. Weekday hourly median single-scattering albedo (ω 0 ) varied in the range 0.59-0.76. Overall, this suggests a top of atmosphere (TOA) warming effect. However, considering the low surface reflectance of urban areas, for the given range of ω 0 , the TOA radiative forcing can be either positive or negative for the sources within the MASP. On the average, weekend ω 0 values were 0.074 higher than during weekdays. During 11 % of the days, new particle formation (NPF) events occurred. The analysed events growth rates ranged between 9 and 25 nm h −1 . Sulphuric acid proxy concentrations calculated for the site were less than 5 % of the concentration needed to explain the observed growth. Thus, other vapours are likely contributors to the observed growth.

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“…A maior parte destes trabalhos visa identificar não apenas a quantidade do poluente, mas suas fontes, especiação, efeitos que os mesmos causam, localização geográfica e condições climáticas, mostrando que só a presença ou não de determinado poluente não é o único fator que interfere na má qualidade do ar. [26][27][28][29][30][31] Muitos desses trabalhos fazem uma análise ambiental de dados já coletados por estações meteorológicas de órgãos ambientais estaduais ou mesmo municipais. [26][27][28][29] Estudos químicos de precipitações em ambientes impactados também têm sido importantes para avaliar a contaminação atmosférica, reações químicas e fontes de contaminação.…”

Section: Cenário De Estudo Da Química Ambiental No Brasilunclassified

“…[26][27][28][29][30][31] Muitos desses trabalhos fazem uma análise ambiental de dados já coletados por estações meteorológicas de órgãos ambientais estaduais ou mesmo municipais. [26][27][28][29] Estudos químicos de precipitações em ambientes impactados também têm sido importantes para avaliar a contaminação atmosférica, reações químicas e fontes de contaminação. [32][33][34][35][36] Em se tratando de região metropolitana, há muitos estudos que buscam relacionar a composição química do poluente aos efeitos tóxicos à saúde humana, embora poucos tem a participação de químicos.…”

Section: Cenário De Estudo Da Química Ambiental No Brasilunclassified

A Química Ambiental no Brasil nos 40 anos da SBQ

Canela¹,

Fostier²,

Grassi³

2017

Quim. Nova

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ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY IN BRAZIL IN 40 YEARS IN THE SBQ. This paper aims to present an overview of the ongoing of the Brazilian environmental chemistry over the last forty years inserted in the context of the Brazilian Chemical Society (SBQ). Initially, a brief history presents the main milestones and premise of its "birth" in the 1980s, as well as the set of major actions taken within the SBQ to consolidate and strengthen this area of research. Then, in a separated approach between atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere, we present the evolution of the main topics covered in Environmental Chemistry in Brazil, as well as the contribution of the chemists in the interdisciplinary scenario that constitutes this area. Finally, an overview of the evolution of the teaching of Environmental Chemistry in Brazil is presented.Keywords: environmental chemistry, atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, HISTÓRICO DA QUÍMICA AMBIENTAL NO BRASILNo Brasil, a Química Ambiental se desenvolveu a partir de um vínculo estreito com a Química Analítica, que se consolidou com base em uma escola consolidada e tradicional, com uma visão clássica sobre seu papel e voltada, em primeira instância, para o desenvolvimento de protocolos analíticos e elucidação de problemas estabelecidos dentro do laboratório. Portanto, boa parte dos primeiros químicos ambientais tinha uma forte ligação com a Química Analítica e eram poucos aqueles com experiência em trabalhos de campo e amostragem ambiental. Nos anos 1980, a pesquisa em Química Ambiental conduzida em nosso país tinha como base o monitoramento de espécies químicas presentes na hidrosfera, atmosfera e biota.1 Existem documentos evidenciando a escassez de atividades de pesquisa dedicadas ao estudo da reatividade química e comportamento de poluentes não apenas nos três compartimentos mencionados anteriormente, mas igualmente em suas interfaces.2 Estas circunstâncias resultaram em um desenvolvimento mais lento da Química Ambiental brasileira, quando comparada com a de outros países, especialmente os desenvolvidos. Não obstante estes aspectos, nos dias atuais a Química Ambiental ocupa posição de destaque no cenário científico nacional, tendo igualmente alcançado projeção internacional. Vários eventos científicos também têm contribuído para isso, tais como as Reuniões Anuais da Sociedade Brasileira CENÁRIO DE ESTUDO DA QUÍMICA AMBIENTAL NO BRASILPara contemplar o cenário das pesquisas em Química Ambiental no Brasil, decidimos dividir os estudos em hidrosfera, atmosfera e litosfera, embora estes compartimentos sejam integrados e não haja um mais importante que o outro e tampouco podem ser vistos separadamente. Além disso, este texto não tem a pretensão de fazer uma revisão exaustiva das publicações nestas áreas dentro da Química Ambiental, mas sim de apresentar um panorama da evolução e dos temas que foram e estão sendo estudados nestes 40 anos da Sociedade Brasileira de Química, apresentando exemplos de alguns destes trabalhos. Atmosfera

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Influence of sources and meteorology on surface concentrations of gases and aerosols in a coastal industrial complex

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

Composition of PM2.5 and PM10 Collected at Urban Sites in Brazil

Composition of PM2.5 and PM10 Collected at Urban Sites in Brazil

On the diurnal cycle of urban aerosols, black carbon and the occurrence of new particle formation events in springtime São Paulo, Brazil

A Química Ambiental no Brasil nos 40 anos da SBQ

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