Reflexões sobre o papel do concurso vestibular para as universidades públicas

Pinho, Alceu G. de

doi:10.1590/s0103-40142001000200019

Cited by 10 publications

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“…To do so, it would be necessary to sample freshmen or high‐school students from other states and universities, an approach that has not been performed until the present time. Nevertheless, the facts that (i) different editions of the textbooks analyzed here have been used throughout the country over the last decades, (ii) the results reported here were obtained with students from federal grade and high schools which usually present excellent performance in entrances exams [15] and (iii) some American textbooks are similar in structure to their Brazilian counterparts, suggesting that despite the differences in the educational standards of the countries the misconception detected by us [4] may also be widespread in other educational contexts. Such conclusion is still rather speculative at the moment but deserves further studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose as the sole metabolic fuel: The possible influence of formal teaching on the establishment of a misconception about energy‐yielding metabolism among students from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Luz

Oliveira

Sousa

et al. 2008

Biochem Molecular Bio Educ

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Energy-yielding metabolism is an important biochemistry subject that is related to many daily experiences and health issues of students. An adequate knowledge of the general features of EYM is therefore important, both from an academic and social point of view. In a previous study, we have shown that high-school students present the misconception that carbohydrates, especially glucose, are the sole metabolic fuel for ATP production by human cells. In the present work, we investigated the possible origins of the occurrence of this misconception among students. The analysis of students' answers to questionnaires indicated that the misconception appears as soon as in the 8th grade and remains unchanged throughout subsequent school years. The analysis of grade textbooks showed that the misconception is likely to be a consequence of the teaching of nutrition in the 8th grade, when a single function is emphasized for each nutrient. The energetic function is mainly associated with carbohydrates, while proteins and lipids are considered structural and storage molecules, respectively. An extreme similarity was observed between students' knowledge of nutrient's function and textbook contents. Analysis of high-school textbooks suggested that the misconception would be reinforced because of the detailed teaching only of glucose metabolism, with rare mention of lipids or amino acids as metabolic fuels. The consequences of that approach are discussed and suggestions are made on an alternative teaching of energy-yielding metabolism.Keywords: Misconception, energy-yielding metabolism, textbooks analysis. Energy-yielding metabolism (EYM)1 is an important biochemistry subject for the comprehension of how the whole organism functions. The metabolism is also deeply related to students' daily experiences such as diets, physical exercise, puberty, and adolescence. It is also relevant to the understanding of common diseases such as diabetes, for instance. Moreover, the media constantly exerts pressure on youngsters, stimulating them to go on countless diet and exercise programs. Obesity cases have been increasing among young individuals in Brazil and in other developing countries [1]. Although the data regarding developing countries are scarce, the reports on steroid anabolic hormones abuse among young gym members [2] as well as those on trainers who recommend those substances to their pupils are worrisome [3]. Both problems are related to EYM, and its control is likely to benefit from an adequate knowledge of this subject by young individuals.In a previous study, we investigated students' misconceptions about EYM [4]. In that study, undergraduate students, at the early weeks of their courses, were asked to answer questions about the regulation of metabolism in low-carbohydrate diets and fasting, and the results indicated that they are unaware that other molecules besides glucose can be used as fuel for ATP production in human cells. A more explicit attempt to stimulate students to connect EYM and daily experiences proved that even af...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose as the sole metabolic fuel: The possible influence of formal teaching on the establishment of a misconception about energy‐yielding metabolism among students from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Luz

Oliveira

Sousa

et al. 2008

Biochem Molecular Bio Educ

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“…Pode ocorrer que eles optem por áreas em que o número de vagas é maior e há menos concorrência para terem maior probabilidade de sucesso. A análise dos dados da Fuvest para a USP em 1997 (Pinho, 2000) apóia essa interpretação. Um conjunto de opções disciplinares foi dividido em dois subconjuntos: o primeiro, classificado como A, incluindo Medicina, Direito, Engenharia e Ciências Exatas; o segundo, como B, englobando as carreiras oferecidas pela FFLCH -Ciências Sociais, Filosofia, Geografia, História, Letras e bacharelado em Física.…”

Section: Oferta De Vagasunclassified

Alguns problemas do nosso ensino superior

Silva¹

2001

Estud. av.

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“…Em decorrência disto, o cenário educacional brasileiro aponta o acesso ao Ensino Superior, nas carreiras de prestígio, como um mecanismo de manutenção das desigualdades sociais do país. Desta forma, o concurso vestibular se apresenta como barreira ritualizada porque não autoriza a passagem da esmagadora maioria que se submete a esse exame (Teixeira, 1981) e reflete as distorções e iniquidades da nossa sociedade (Pinho, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Estudantes universitários: a influência das variáveis socio-econômicas e culturais na carreira

Oliveira

Melo-Silva

2010

Psicol. Esc. Educ.

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Este estudo descreve o perfil de concluintes dos cursos de graduação Química, Ciências Biológicas e Psicologia de uma universidade pública e busca compreender influências das variáveis sociodemográficas e acadêmicas em suas trajetórias de carreira. Os 140 participantes responderam a um questionário com variáveis sociodemográficas: escolaridade dos pais, renda familiar, nível socioeconômico e procedência do Ensino Fundamental e Médio (público ou particular). As variáveis acadêmicas (notas) foram obtidas nos prontuários arquivados na seção de Graduação. As informações sobre as trajetórias de carreira (estudo de caso) foram obtidas por meio de entrevistas com seis participantes. Os dados foram analisados quantitativamente, segundo modelo univariado - Testes do Qui-Quadrado, Não-Paramétrico Kruskal-Wallis e de Mann-Whitney, e qualitativamente, segundo Bardin (1977). Referenciais teóricos nacionais e internacionais subsidiaram as discussões. Verificou-se que a escolaridade dos pais, nível socioeconômico e natureza do ensino cursado estão proporcionalmente relacionados ao sucesso no vestibular e à escolha da carreira.

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Reflexões sobre o papel do concurso vestibular para as universidades públicas

Cited by 10 publications

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Glucose as the sole metabolic fuel: The possible influence of formal teaching on the establishment of a misconception about energy‐yielding metabolism among students from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Glucose as the sole metabolic fuel: The possible influence of formal teaching on the establishment of a misconception about energy‐yielding metabolism among students from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Alguns problemas do nosso ensino superior

Estudantes universitários: a influência das variáveis socio-econômicas e culturais na carreira

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