Image analysis software versus direct anthropometry for breast measurements

Abstract

PURPOSE:To compare breast measurements performed using the software packages ImageTool METHODS:Points were marked on the breasts and arms of 40 volunteer women aged between 18 and 60 years. When connecting the points, seven linear segments and one angular measurement on each half of the body, and one medial segment common to both body halves were defined. The volunteers were photographed in a standardized manner. Photogrammetric measurements were performed by three independent observers using the three software packages and compared to direct anthropometric measurements made with calipers and a protractor. RESULTS:Measurements obtained with AutoCAD ® were the most reproducible and those made with ImageTool ® were the most similar to direct anthropometry, while measurements with Adobe Photoshop ® showed the largest differences. Except for angular measurements, significant differences were found between measurements of line segments made using the three software packages and those obtained by direct anthropometry. CONCLUSION:

Getting to know the types of JPEG and RAW photo files used in research

“…The points analyzed were based on breast evaluations as a reference to beauty, breast symmetry, and the ideal point of the mammary papilla. Quieregatto et al, based on these studies, defined the points and the best position (frontal) that would allow study of the breasts through photographs 6,8,9 .…”

“…In the study by Quieregatto et al 6 different softwares were evaluated for breast assessment. The authors concluded that different software, with different complexity, can interfere in the final result of the measurement of the breasts by direct anthropometry.…”

“…They also described differences in the measurements obtained by the software, with measurements obtained directly from the patients. A JPEG (Joint Point Expert Groups) file was used 6 .…”

“…Quieregatto et al 6 demonstrated that there may be differences in the measurements obtained for the mammary region using different softwares.…”

“…The smaller the number of pixels used in the group, the greater the color resolution of the image obtained, because a group with a smaller number of pixels will be used to color a given segment and may cause changes in image definition (Figure 3). point more proximal to the anterior axillary line (Ax), and a point corresponding to half the distance between the acromion and the lateral epicondyle, called the "midpoint of the humerus" (a 1/2), according to the study by Quieregatto et al 6,8,9 (Figure 4).…”