Keratinocyte growth factor, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta gene expression in cultured fibroblasts and keratinocytes from burned patients

Gragnani, Alfredo; Müller, Bruno Rafael; Silva, Ismael Dale Contrim Guerreiro da; Noronha, Samuel Marcos Ribeiro de; Ferreira, Lydia Masako

doi:10.1590/s0102-86502013000800001

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…The surgical procedure, fibroblasts and keratinocytes cultures, and total RNA extraction were reported earlier 11 .…”

Section: Inclusion Exclusion and Non-inclusion Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human beta defensin-4 and keratinocyte growth factor gene expression in cultured keratinocyte and fibroblasts of burned patients

Noronha

Lanziani

et al. 2014

Acta Cir. Bras.

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. Conception, design, intellectual and scientific content of the study; analysis and interpretation of data; manuscript writing; critical revision. ABSTRACT PURPOSE:To evaluate KGF and human beta defensin-4 (HBD-4) levels produced by dermic fibroblasts and keratinocytes cultivated from burned patients' skin samples. METHODS:Keratinocytes and fibroblasts of 10 patients (four major burns, four minor burns and two controls) were primarily cultivated according to standard methods. HBD-4 and KGF genes were analyzed by quantitative PCR.

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“…The surgical procedure, fibroblasts and keratinocytes cultures, and total RNA extraction were reported earlier 11 .…”

Section: Inclusion Exclusion and Non-inclusion Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…B-actin gene (Hs99999903_m1) was used as housekeeping gene 11,12 . All qPCR reactions were performed on an ABI Prism 7000 Sequence Detection System (Applied quantities were considered to be undetectable or very low, and measurements were taken as invalid.…”

Section: Commercially Available Taqman Gene Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human beta defensin-4 and keratinocyte growth factor gene expression in cultured keratinocyte and fibroblasts of burned patients

Noronha

Lanziani

et al. 2014

Acta Cir. Bras.

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“…The epidermis, a layer rich in cells is composed mainly of keratinocytes, which are the most numerous cell types, which ultimately form the outer protective skin barrier to the environment [2]- [4]. Healthy skin is something pursued by society and some spend everything they can and can not achieve the best appearance and the mere appearance of age, separating from actual age, predicts important aspects of health and well-being [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Major Theories of Skin Aging

Gragnani

Cornick²,

Chominski³

et al. 2014

AAR

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Here we aim to describe each factor that leads to skin aging and describe their mechanisms. A PubMed database searches (from January 2004 to March 2014) using aging and skin as searched terms. There are substantial evidences showing that aging is associated with damage from free radicals represented by various reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mitochondria are producers and also targets of oxidative stress. The cycle of mitochondrial dysfunction can trigger the aging process. In the cellular senescence and telomeres theory, the diploid cells exhibit a limited proliferation potential. After a finite number of divisions, they enter a state of senescence with a stop replication in cell proliferation. It is suggested that aging is associated mainly with hyper-regulation of apoptosis. Obesity presumably accelerates the process of aging, which is aggravated by smoking. And the influence of the environment, called solar UV irradiation is of considerable importance to skin aging. There are several mechanisms that trigger the natural aging process and contribute to age-related changes, including oxidative stress theory of free radicals, the mitochondrial dysfunction, telomere shortening, UV radiation and other mechanisms that taken together or alone may or not accelerate the change in skin.

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“…In burn injuries in human patients, it was found that IL-1 increased in response to thermal injury (Gragnani et al, 2013). Microglia were responsible for producing IL-1β as well as IL-6 in spinal cord injury in humans as early as 30 minutes following injury (Yang et al, 2004).…”

Section: Interleukin-1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cytokines bind to their target cell receptors and exert their actions through autocrine, paracrine and endocrine systems, which also cause the release of other cytokines from the cells (Cunha and Ferreira, 2003). The release of cytokines indicates an early response to tissue injury, and plays a significant role in initiating and mediating the immune response and inflammation (Desborough, 2000;Gragnani et al, 2013).…”

Section: Cytokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refining a ‘toolkit’ for objective assessment of pain and stress in ruminants

Othman¹

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Pain is a complex phenomenon, and to address pain management in animals, the presence of pain needs to be determined. Most studies assess the presence of pain based on the appraisal of either a single biomarker or a combination of a few parameters, which were often not examined simultaneously. In ruminants, measurements of cortisol and haptoglobin (Hp), and the assessment of behavioural changes have been the standard practice for this purpose. Nevertheless, there are still limitations in using these parameters, as they are also indicators of psychological stress, and can be misinterpreted as to indicate the presence of pain. Assessment of behavioural changes in ruminants can be difficult as prey animals conceal their experience of pain to avoid predators' attention.Therefore it is recommended that a reliable assessment tool be devised that includes a combination of various parameters to determine the presence of pain in ruminants in order to address pain management effectively.The primary aims of this study were to evaluate the conventional and contemporary biomarkers to determine the response of an animal to a noxious experience, and to refine a multi-parameter 'toolkit' that can be applied in assessing pain in ruminants. For these purposes, castration was used as a model of a common painful husbandry procedure that presumably evokes pain associated with the tissue injury.Merino cross lambs were assigned to two groups that were either surgically castrated or subjected to restraint stress (control). Castration was an open surgical technique without the provision of anaesthesia or analgesia. The conventional biomarkers estimated were plasma cortisol, Hp and betaendorphin (β-EP). The contemporary biomarkers measured were interleukin-6 (IL-6), substance P (SP), and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ). The peripheral leukocytes expression of IL-6 and proopiomelanocortin (POMC), the precursor of β-EP were also estimated. Behavioural changes were recorded to assess pain-related behaviour caused by the surgical procedure.Following treatment, the cortisol concentration in the castrated lambs was higher than control animals from ten minutes to two hours post-castration, indicative of the acute noxious experience associated with the surgical procedure. Surgical castration also caused a response in SP indicative of nociception and neurogenic inflammation, which was increased from 30 minutes and became significant eight hours following castration. The behavioural assessment showed that the castrated lambs demonstrated statue standing, a pain-like behaviour, from three to five hours post-castration, which were associated with the increase in SP, indicative of the pain sensitisation caused by the tissue injury. Increase in the systemic inflammatory mediators, the Hp and IL-6 were observed from ii day two, in which Hp remained significant until day four and resolved by day five. The IL-6 continued to increase over time, suggesting of an ongoing inflammatory response and inflammatory pain possibly until wound healing had occurre...

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Keratinocyte growth factor, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta gene expression in cultured fibroblasts and keratinocytes from burned patients

Cited by 17 publications

References 19 publications

Human beta defensin-4 and keratinocyte growth factor gene expression in cultured keratinocyte and fibroblasts of burned patients

Human beta defensin-4 and keratinocyte growth factor gene expression in cultured keratinocyte and fibroblasts of burned patients

Review of Major Theories of Skin Aging

Refining a ‘toolkit’ for objective assessment of pain and stress in ruminants

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