Electroacupuncture versus morphine for the postoperative control pain in dogs

Abstract

PROPOsE: To compare the postoperative analgesic effects of electroacupuncture, morphine or sham acupuncture in dogs undergoing mastectomy.METHOds: Thirty client-owed dogs undergoing to mastectomy were randomly assigned to three groups of 10 animals each and received either morphine (T-M), the electroacupuncture (T-EA) or sham procedure (T-Sham). Pre-anesthetic medication was acepromazine (0.05 mg kg -1 , IM). Anesthesia was induced with propofol (4 to 5 mg kg -1 , IV) and maintained with isoflurane. Postoperatively pain degree was assessed using a numerical rating scale. Dogs were scored at 1, 3, 6 and 12 hours post-extubation. If the pain score was ≥6, supplemental morphine was administered. Serum cortisol concentration was measured before pre-anesthetic medication, at 45 minutes after the anesthetic induction, and at 1, 3 and 6 hours post-extubation. REsuLTs:The pain score did not differ among the treatments, but rescue analgesia was lower in the T-EA group (2 of 10 dogs), when compared with T-Sham (6 of 10 dogs) and T-M (6 of 10 dogs) groups. Serum cortisol concentration did not differ among the treatments.CONCLusION: Electroacupuncture reduces the postoperative analgesic requirement and promotes satisfactory analgesia in dogs undergoing mastectomy.

Effect of aquapuncture on postoperative analgesia after ovariohysterectomy in dogs

“…A previous study comparing nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID), morphine and EA for postoperative analgesia, showed that NSAID provided a better analgesia than EA and morphine (BARROS, et al, 2006;PIGNATON et al, 2007) and EA was comparable to morphine in two studies using similar acupoints to those in our study (GAKIYA et al, 2011;PIGNATON et al, 2007). Otherwise dry needle acupuncture was as effective as meloxicam to treat postoperative pain using the same surgical protocol and species as reported here (FERRARI et al, 2006) and pharmacopuncture using 1/10 of the dose of meloxicam was as effective as the conventional dose of meloxicam in cats undergoing OHE, however 1/10 of the dose of meloxicam administered subcutaneously also showed similar results to acupuncture (PIGNATON et al, 2007).…”

“…The acupoint selection in this study was based on previous successful reports of AP-induced analgesia (GAKIYA et al, 2011;LOPES et al, 1998;SOUSA et al, 2012;STILL, 1987;TEIXEIRA et al, 2013;WRIGHT;MCGRATH, 1981). Aquapuncture was performed bilaterally because the time to effect, the intensity and duration of analgesia is intensified when compared to unilateral stimulation (CASSU et al, 2008).…”

“…The analgesia produced by AP is similar to that produced by opioids (LUNA, 2002;GAKIYA et al, 2011;GROPPETTI et al, 2011). Abdominal surgery have been successfully performed under AP analgesia in dogs (LOPES et al, 1998;STILL, 1987;WRIGHT;MCGRATH, 1981), but this technique has more frequently been used to treat postoperative pain in dogs and humans (DI MARTINO;LIN et al, 2002;PIGNATON et al, 2007;SOUSA et al, 2012;TEIXEIRA et al, 2013).…”

Anestesia convencional e técnica de tumescência em cadelas submetidas à mastectomia. Avaliação da dor pós-operatória

“…A mastectomia radical, procedimento comumente indicado, é considerada invasiva e extensiva, que resulta em edema, inflamação e processo álgico de ocorrência moderada a intensa (Gakiya et al, 2011).…”

“…Apesar da pouca quantidade de estudos que relatam a dor pós-operatória associada ao procedimento de mastectomia em cadelas (Steagall et al, 2006;Sarrau et al, 2007;Nakagawa et al, 2007;Gakiya et al, 2011), é válido ressaltar que uma terapia multimodal deve ser estabelecida para o tratamento adequado da dor nesses pacientes.…”