Effects of the povidone-iodine (PVPI) in treatment of bacterial peritonitis induced in rats

Abstract

Purpose:To evaluate the effectiveness of the use of the povidone-iodine (PVI) added to the liquid of wash of the peritoneal cavity in the reduction of bacterial absorption and in the remainder non-phagocyted bacteria in the circulating blood of rat. Methods: Thirty four Wistar females rats were used, distributed in the following groups: A (n=10), non-treated; B (n=9), wash of the peritoneal cavity with solution of PVI to 1% in saline solution; C (n=15), wash of the cavity with saline solution. After anesthesia, it was made intraperitoneal infusion of solution of Escherichia coli labeled with 99mTc containing 10 8 CFU/ml. After 40 minutes, it was made the treatment, in the group A, manipulation of the viscera; in the group B, irrigation of the peritoneal cavity with warm solution of 1% PVPI to 37,5ºC, and in the group C irrigation with warm saline (37,5ºC). After 15 minutes of the treatment, blood samples and fragments of liver, spleen and lung was obtained for count of the radioactivity, and animals killed by abdominal aorta section. There were determined the bacterial absorption index and the remainder index in the bloodstream. Results: Of the total of bacteria infused in the peritoneum, there was absorption of 0,92% (0,14% to 2,13%) in the animals of the group A (controls), 0,49% (0,18% to 0,71%) after use of topical PVPI (group B) and 0,80% (0,04% to 3,8%) after wash with saline solution (group C). There was significant reduction of the absorption when compared the treated animals with PVPI and the controls (p=0,003). Of the total of bacteria absorbed for the circulatory current, the percentile amount of bacteria non-phagocyted in the outlying blood was of 2,9% (1,1% to 17,7%) in the control group, 15,2% (8,3% to 21,4%) in those treated with PVPI (group B) and 6,9% (0,8% to 29,7%) after wash with saline solution (group C), with difference among controls and treated with PVPI (p=0,01). Conclusion: The wash of the cavity peritoneal of mice with solution containing PVPI showed to be capable to reduce the absorption of bacteria by peritoneum of rat; however it seems to interfere with the function of the phagocytic cells for the observation of the increase of viable bacteria in the outlying blood of those animals. Key words: Peritonitis. Peritoneal Lavage. Povidone-Iodine. Rats. RESUMOObjetivo: Avaliar a eficácia do uso do polivinilpirrolidona-iodo (PVPI) acrescido ao líquido de lavagem da cavidade peritoneal na redução da absorção bacteriana e no remanescente bacteriano não fagocitado no sangue periférico de ratos. Métodos: Estudou-se 34 ratos Wistar fêmeas, distribuídos aleatoriamente nos seguintes grupos: controle (n=10), nenhum tratamento; PVPI (n=9), lavagem da cavidade peritoneal com solução de PVPI a 10% em solução salina; salina (n=15), lavagem da cavidade com solução salina. Após anestesia, fez-se inoculação intraperitoneal de solução de Escherichia coli marcadas com 99mTc contendo 10 8 UFC/ml. Após 40 minutos, realizou-se o tratamento que foi, no grupo controle, manipulação das vísceras; no grup...

Peritoneal lavage with coconut water in rats with abdominal sepsis and its effects in peritoneum

“…Povidiultane-iodine (PVPI) was also compared to lavage with 0.9% saline solution, which was positive 3 . Among plants, the extract of Aloe vera and Euphorbia tirucalli latex were objects of study in peritoneal lavage in an experimental model 18,19 .…”

“…The peritoneal lavage helps immune function in combating abdominal sepsis, as it improves cavity cleanliness, facilitates aspiration of contaminants, and reduces the concentration of bacteria and other substances 3 . However, with the increase in bacterial resistance of the microorganisms usually involved in the infection, in view of the intestinal microbiota, new and more effective treatments are sought for its resolution by reducing the use of drugs 2,,4 .…”

“…A study conducted by Brocco et al 2 evaluated the histological effects on the lung, liver and peritoneum of rats submitted to peritonitis and treated with peritoneal lavage with 0.2% ropivacaine, an anesthetic with anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects. Araújo et al 3 reported that peritoneal lavage with 10% povidone-iodine solution reduced bacterial uptake in rats when compared to control and saline lavage groups.…”

Severe autogenously fecal peritonitis in ageing Wistar rats. Response to intravenous meropenem

“…On the other hand, some studies used very young Wistar rats (age between two and three months, and weight between 200 and 250g) 8 .…”

Author's reply: Single-incision laparoscopic right hemicolectomy (Br J Surg 2010; 97: 1881–1883)

“…Fournel and colleagues have discussed the latter in detail, but not the former. Araujo et al 4 mentioned that washing the peritoneal cavity of rats with solution containing PVI was able to reduce the absorption of bacteria by the peritoneum 4 . However, the applicability of this result to humans seems debatable.…”