Tephrosia sinapou extract reduces inflammatory leukocyte recruitment in mice: effect on oxidative stress, nitric oxide and cytokine production

Abstract

Abstract:Tephrosia toxicaria (Sw.) Pers., which is currently known as T. sinapou (Buc'hoz) A. Chev., Fabaceae, is a source of compounds such as fl avonoids, however, few studies addressed the anti-infl ammatory and antioxidant effects of T. sinapou. Therefore, we evaluated the antioxidant mechanisms of the T. sinapou ethyl acetate extract in vitro, and whether the extract affects leukocyte recruitment in four models of infl ammation and the involvement of nitric oxide and cytokines in its mechanism. In vitro, it was observed that the extract presented hydrogen donating ability to 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl radical (DPPH • ), 2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical (ABTS + ), and also effi ciently inhibited iron-dependent and independent lipid peroxidation and iron chelation assays. In vivo, it inhibited the recruitment of total leukocytes and neutrophil induced by carrageenin, zymosan, glycogen and lipopolysaccharide in the peritoneal cavity of mice. Two mechanisms were detected: 1) T. sinapou effect on leukocyte recruitment depends on nitric oxide since was dose-dependently inhibited by treatment with L-NAME (nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), and 2) the extract also inhibited the production of crucial cytokines for the leukocyte recruitment; tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-1β. Concluding, T. sinapou ethyl acetate extract reduces oxidative stress in vitro, and infl ammatory leukocyte recruitment by a mechanism related to inhibition of cytokine production, and in a nitric oxide dependent manner in vivo.

Topical Formulation Containing Naringenin: Efficacy against Ultraviolet B Irradiation-Induced Skin Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Mice

“…The ABTS scavenging ability of NGN (0.125–2 μg/mL) was determined by the decrease in absorbance at 730 nm [ 48 ]. The following equation was applied: Equation I: % of activity = (1- sample absorbance/control absorbance) x 100.…”

“…The inhibitory activity of lipid peroxidation of NGN (10–500 μg/mL) was determined by decreasing the production of lipid hydroperoxides, a primary product of lipid peroxidation [ 48 ]. The following equation was used:…”

Antimicrobial activity of Brazilian plants of the genera Leguminosae and Myrtaceae

“…The phytochemical analysis of all the plants cited earlier were previously reported by Custódio (2009), Faria et al (2007, Martinez et al (2012), Rieger (2011), andBurgo (2010). All the results obtained herein are described for the first time with P. pseudocaryophyllus stems, E. speciosa leaves, T. toxicaria roots, and C. leptophylla leaf extracts, as well as the toxicity and antifungal assays using Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Botryosphaeria ribis, Botryosphaeria rhodina and Fusarium verticillioides with the P. pseudocaryophyllus and I. marginata leaf extracts are also described.…”

“…The ethyl acetate extract of T. toxicaria roots used in this work was evaluated for antimicrobial and toxic activities, and was previously described by Martinez et al (2012) to contain rotenoids, flavonoids, a biflavonoid, flavanols and coumarins, and also possessed antioxidant activity. In the same way, the extract of I. marginata leaves used herein, were reported by Rieger (2011) to contain triterpenes and antraquinones.…”

Tephrosia (Leguminosae) no estado do Ceará, Nordeste do Brasil

“…Segundo Queiroz (2009), esta espécie já foi muito utilizada pelos índios para captura de peixes. Tephrosia sinapou também é considerada uma espécie que apresenta compostos com ação antiinflamatória e antioxidante (Martinez et al 2012).…”