Caracterização farmacognóstica das folhas e sementes de Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. (Fabaceae)

Abstract

RESUMO:Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. é popularmente conhecida no Brasil por coração-de-negro. É uma espécie aclimatada nesse país. As sementes dessa espécie são utilizadas no tratamento de diarréia, disenteria e hemorróidas e as folhas, no tratamento de úlceras e nas conjuntivites alérgicas. Este trabalho foi realizado com a finalidade de determinar as características macroscópicas e microscópicas das folhas e sementes dessa planta, uma vez que estas são as partes usadas popularmente. Algumas características de valor na sua diagnose foram apontadas e ilustradas por fotomicrografias. Reações de fitoquímica e a determinação do conteúdo de água e de cinzas foram realizadas no pó das folhas e sementes de A. lebbeck. Saponinas, alcalóides e cumarinas foram detectados nas folhas e sementes; flavonóides foram também identificados nas folhas. O teor de umidade foi 6,78% e 7,91%, respectivamente, para o pó das folhas e sementes. Os valores de cinzas totais e cinzas insolúveis em ácido foram 9,60% e 0,62% para as folhas e 4,13% e 0,21% para as sementes. Os dados obtidos são importantes para o controle de qualidade dessa planta medicinal. O extrato bruto da planta não apresentou atividade antibacteriana.Unitermos: Albizia lebbeck, coração-de-negro, morfoanatomia, planta medicinal.ABSTRACT: "Pharmacognostic characterization of leaves and seeds of Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. (Fabaceae)". Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth., is popularly known in Brazil as "coração-de-negro". It is a species acclimatized in Brazil. The seeds of this species are used to treat diarrhea, dysentery and hemorrhoids and the leaves are used for the treatment of ulcers and allergic conjunctivitis. The purpose of this work was to determine the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the leaves and seeds of this plant, since these are the parts used popularly. Some characters of diagnostical value are pointed out and illustrated by photomicrographs. Phytochemistry reactions and determination of water and ash were done on the powder of A. lebbeck. Saponins, alkaloids, coumarins were detected in the leaves and seeds; flavonoids were also detected in the leaves. The content of water was 6.78% and 7.91%, respectively, for leaf and seed powder. The values of total ashes and acid insoluble ashes were 9.60% and 0.62% for leaf, and 4.13% and 0.21%, for seed powder. The data obtained are important for the quality control of this medicinal plant. The crude extract of this plant did not show antibacterial activity.

Inga laurina crude extract to control Aedes aegypti

“…The leaves (150 g) were dried at room temperature and powered until reaching the granulometry of 850 μm. The powder was submitted to dynamic maceration with solvent renewal using ethylic alcohol 96º GL until vegetal matter depletion (Miranda et al, 2009). Next, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure in a rotary evaporator (Tecnal TE-211 model) at 35 °C, until for obtaining the crude extract (CE).…”

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“…Saponin, macrocyclic alkaloids, phenolic glycosides, coumarins, and flavonols [15][16][17] Specific components [16,18,19] Bark Saponins (named albiziasaponins A, B, and C) [16,17] Root Echinocystic acid (saponin) [15] Pod 3',5 dihydroxy4', 7 dimethoxy flavone and N-benzoyl L Phenyl alaninol Flower different sterols (taxerol, cycloartemol, lupeol, campesterol, and sitosterol) [15] CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH…”

“…[22] In contrast to above studies, Miranda et al have shown that ethanolic extract of A. lebbeck leaf powder has no inhibitory activity on the growth of Gram-negative (Salmonella typhymurium, E. coli and Salmonella choleraeseus) and Gram-positive (B. cereus, S. aureus, and Micrococcus luteus). [16] Lam and Ng isolated lebbeckalysin from seeds of A. lebbeck which suppressed the growth of E. coli with an IC 50 of 0.52 M. [23] Antifungal Activity Gupta et al (2012) have screened aqueous, acetone, and benzene extract of A. lebbeck for anti-candida activity against Candida albicans results revealed 7, 13, and 6 zone of inhibition in millimetre, 0.60, 0.41, and 0.50 MIC for 50% inhibition and 0.70, 0.55, and 0.65 minimum fungicidal concentration for 50% sensitivity, respectively. [24] Lam and Ng in the study mentioned above also assess the antifungal effect of lebbeckalysin isolated from seeds of A. lebbeck which impeded mycelial growth in the fungi Rhizoctonia solani with an IC 50 of 39 M, but there was no effect on a variety of other filamentous fungi, including Fusarium oxysporum, Helminthosporium maydis, Valsa mali, and Mycosphaerella arachidicola.…”