Brine shrimp bioassay of some species of Solanum from Northestern Brazil

Abstract

RESUMO: "Bioatividade em Artemia salina de várias espécies de Solanum do Nordeste Brasileiro". Os extratos metanólicos de 13 espécies de Solanum (Solanaceae) foram testados para verififi cação da bioatividade em Artemia salina. As espécies testadas (partes aéreas, raízes e frutos) foram: S. asperum, S. capsicoides, S. palinacantum, S. paludosum, S. paniculatum, S. paraibanum, S. sisymbriifolium, S. crinitum, S. diamantinense, S. megalonyx, S. torvum, S. asterophorum e S. stipulaceum. Das treze espécies testadas, quatro foram inativas. Os extratos dos frutos de S. asperum (CL 50 = 420,5 µg/mL) e S. paludosum (CL 50 = 548,0 µg/mL), partes aéreas de S. diamantinense (CL 50 = 481,0 µg/mL) e S. sisymbrifolium (CL 50 = 382,7 µg/mL), e das raízes S. asperum (CL 50 = 593,4 µg/mL) e S. stipulaceum (CL 50 = 823,1 µg/mL) que mostraram atividade moluscicida contra Biomphalaria glabrata também mostraram atividade tóxica em Artemia salina.Unitermos: Solanaceae, Solanum, Artemia salina, bioatividade. ABSTRACT:The methanolic extracts of 13 Specieis of the genus Solanum (Solanaceae) have been tested for bioactivity in Artemia salina. The extracts investigated were prepared from various parts (aerial parts, roots and fruits) of S. asperum, S. capsicoides, S. palinacantum, S. paludosum, S. paniculatum, S. paraibanum, S. sisymbriifolium, S. crinitum, S. diamantinense, S. megalonyx, S. torvum, S. asterophorum and S. stipulaceum. The lethal concentrations were determined for the extracts and among thirteen plants tested, four appear to be inactive. The extracts of the fruits of S. asperum (LC 50 = 420.5 µg/mL) and S. paludosum (LC 50 = 548.0 µg/mL), aerial parts of S. diamantinense (LC 50 = 481.0 µg/mL) and S. sisymbrifolium (LC 50 = 382.7 µg/mL), and the roots of S. asperum (LC 50 = 593.4 µg/mL) and S. stipulaceum (LC 50 = 823.1 µg/mL), all of which previously showed molluscicidal activity against Biomphalaria glabrata were also found to be active in the present study with brine shrimp.

Antidiarrheal activity of Solanum asterophorum in mice

“…In Brazil, it is found in Paraiba and Bahia, with indications of folk medicine use against liver dysfunctions (Agra & Bhattacharyya, 1999). Pharmacological studies show that methanol extracts obtained from aerial parts and roots of Solanum astherophorum are bioactive for Artemia salina but have no bioactivity for mollusks (Silva et al, 2007). When studying acute toxicity, Oliveira (2006) showed that the methanol extract obtained from leaves (SastMeOH L ) of this species did not produce nor induce behavioral changes and death in mice, while Oliveira et al (2006) demonstrated that the same extract (SastMeOH L ) and the alkaloid isojuripidine isolated from its aerial parts (Silva et al, 2005) did not induce erythrocyte hemolysis in rats, but induced relaxation in guinea pig ileum through voltage-dependent calcium channels type 1.2 (Ca v 1.2).…”

Cytotoxicity of Wedelia paludosa D.C. extracts and constituents

“…The brine shrimp lethality bioassay (BSLB) has been used as an efficient, rapid and inexpensive front-line test for the detection of bioactive compounds (Meyer et al, 1982;Ghisalberti, 1997;Lhullier et al, 2006;Stefanello et al, 2006;Silva et al, 2007;Nunes et al, 2008;Shoeb et al, 2008;Subhan et al, 2008). This bioassay requires small amount of sample (Solis et al, 1993), and it generally correlates well with cytotoxic (McLaughlin et al, 1998) and trypanosomicidal (Zani et al, 1995) activities.…”

Biological screening of Amaranthus retroflexus L. (Amaranthaceae)

“…It has been established as safe, practical and economic method for determination of bioactivity of plant product (Silva et al, 2007;Subhan et al, 2008). This present study was conducted to assess toxicity of leaves by brine shrimp lethality assay and cytotoxicity activity against bovine kidney cells.…”