The present work was developed within the scope of the PhD course in human geography by the University of Coimbra. This study addresses the issue of drought in the northern region of the State of Espírito Santo (Brazil), about its main characteristics and conditions imposed on the productive and social environment of this highlighted region. Critically analyzing the territorial public policies that involve actions against desertification processes, as well as the water resource management mechanisms that involve the different interested sectors that, in turn, organize themselves in political cooperation networks to appropriate themselves available resources.The present research sought to interpret these movements by analyzing their environmental and social effects in the region under study over time, which identified a whole segregation process of resource management, natural or not, and its effects on parts of the local population, notably the traditional ones, which do not have the same articulation mechanisms, when compared to agribusiness. For this, the research also seeks to better understand the local geopolitics that involves the different networks of action, how it is promoted to capture resources and the different forms of marginalization resulting from this process.Finally, as contributions, the study presents the need to walk in new ways, by improving the basic political articulations, especially of minorities of ethnic origin involved in the process, as well as indicating the need for a new spatial planning in this region, in order to promote greater spatial justice and in accordance with natural characteristics, especially water.