Effect of the ingestion of the palm oil and glutamine in serum levels of GLP-1, PYY and glycemia in diabetes mellitus type 2 patients submitted to metabolic surgery

Abstract

BackgroundIncretins are hormones produced by the intestine and can stimulate the secretion of insulin, helping to diminish the post-prandial glycemia. The administration of an emulsion of palm oil can help in the maintenance of the weight, and can increase circulating incretins levels. Glutamine increases the concentration of incretins in diabetic people. Both can help in metabolic syndrome.AimTo analyze the effects of ingestion of palm oil and glutamine in glycemia and in incretins in patients with diabetes submitted to surgical duodenojejunal exclusion with ileal interposition without gastrectomy.MethodsEleven diabetic type 2 patients were included and were operated. They were called to laboratory follow-up without eating anything between eight and 12 hours. They had there blood collected after the stimulus of the palm oil and glutamine taken in different days. For the hormonal doses were used ELISA kits.ResultsThe glycemia showed a meaningful fall between the fast and two hours after the stimulus of the palm oil (p=0,018). With the glutamine the GLP-1 showed an increase between the fast and one hour (p=0,32), the PYY showed an important increase between the fast and one hour after the stimulus (p=0,06), the glycemia showed a meaningful fall after two hours of the administration of the stimulus (p=0,03).ConclusionPalm oil and glutamine can influence intestinal peptides and glucose

A comprehensive insight into the effect of glutamine supplementation on metabolic variables in diabetes mellitus: a systematic review

“…The human studies had a wide range of glutamine dosage and supplementation duration. Six studies were conducted on diabetes type 2 patients [ 14 , 26 – 30 ], and one was conducted on the obese and diabetic subject [ 15 ]. Also, two studies examined the glutamine effect on diabetes type 1 patients [ 31 , 32 ].…”

“…The results of this systematic review showed that glutamine supplementation has a potential effect on improving fasting plasma glucose [ 17 , 18 , 22 , 25 , 28 , 29 , 31 , 32 ], postprandial blood glucose [ 14 , 21 , 26 , 27 , 30 ], and significant increases in insulin production and incretin hormones such as GIP and GLP-1 [ 18 , 26 , 27 , 29 , 30 , 33 ]. However, results from insulin sensitivity were contradictory [ 31 , 32 ].…”

Palm Yağı ve Sağlık Üzerine Etkileri

“…Buna ek olarak 28 gün boyunca 200 mg/kg/gün palm yağı verilen diyabetik ratların hiperglisemik durumlarının ve pankreasın oksidatif stresinin anlamlı derecede azaldığı belirtilmiştir (34). Özellikle insanlar üzerinde yapılan çalışmalarda çelişkili sonuçlar bulunmaktadır (35)(36)(37). Yapılan bir çalışmada, dört hafta boyunca palm yağı verilen 30 kişinin kan glukoz düzeylerinde önemli bir değişiklik görülmemiştir (35).…”

“…Ancak başka bir çalışmada, 39 Tip 2 diyabetli bireyde, palm yağının da olduğu doymuş yağ içeriği yüksek beslenme alışkanlığının karaciğer ve viseral yağlanmaya neden olduğu belirtilmiştir (36). Tip 2 diyabetli bireylere 9 g palm yağı ekstraktının verildiği bir çalışmanın sonucunda ise kan glukoz, glukagon benzeri peptit-1 ve peptid yy düzeylerinin iki saat içerisinde hızlı bir şekilde önemli düzeyde düştüğü saptanmıştır (37). Sonuç olarak palm yağının kan glukoz düzeyi üzerindeki etkisini inceleyen çalışma sonuçları çelişkili olup randomize kontrollü uzunlamasına çalışmalara gereksinim olduğu düşünülmektedir.…”

Improvement in Oxidative Stress After Duodenojejunostomy in an Experimental Model of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…In Brazil, according to data from the DM and Systemic Arterial Hypertension Information System of the Ministry of Health, six million diabetics are estimated to exist, half of which are followed-up in health basic units 4 . There is a growing interest in experimental research aimed at investigating the main physiopathological pathways in DM, particularly those contributing to the disease's chronic complications 2 , 11 , 17 , 21 .…”