I am very grateful to Cécile Laborde and Aurélia Bardon for inviting me to contribute to this collection and to the conference that preceded it, as well as for their editorial advice. I am also grateful to Melissa Williams, Chiara Cordelli and Astrid Busekist for their help in thinking through the themes in this paper, to Peter Jones for sending me his latest articles, and to Melis Pinar Akdag for help in preparing this piece for publication. Work on this article was financed in part by a grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation, as part of a larger project on democratic ethics.