Avaliação de necessidades para a implementação de um programa de transição para a parentalidade

Abstract

RESUMO -Este artigo descreve uma avaliação de necessidades para um programa de transição para a parentalidade, feita em dois estudos. Participaram do primeiro estudo treze casais, cujo bebê contava entre 18 a 36 meses. Entrevistas revelaram como estressores os cuidados com o bebê, as mudanças nos papéis familiares e a intrusividade da rede de apoio. Um segundo estudo investigou, através de entrevistas, o conhecimento de oito casais, com filhos recém-nascidos, sobre as suas experiências pessoais de apego e práticas educativas parentais, capacidades sensoriais do bebê, estressores e enfrentamento usado. Os resultados apontaram a exposição a práticas educativas parentais coercitivas e apego inseguro como fatores de risco para a relação pais-bebê. São discutidas as implicações para o planejamento de programas preventivos.Palavras-chave: apego; transição para a parentalidade; avaliação de necessidades; intervenção; prevenção. Needs Assessment for Implementation of a Parenthood Transition ProgramABSTRACT -This paper describes a needs assessment for the implementation of a parenthood transition program. Two studies were realized using interviews. Thirteen couples, with babies of 18 to 36 months, participated in the first study. This study revealed the following stressors: taking care of the baby, changes in family roles and intrusiveness of the social support group. In the second study eight couples with a newborn baby participated. In this study diverse topics were addressed: personal attachment experiences, parental educational practices, sensorial capacities of the baby, stressors and coping methods used. The results indicated coercive educational practices and insecure attachment as risk factors in the relation between parents and baby. The implications for the planning of preventive programs are discussed.

Challenges of motherhood in the voice of primiparous mothers: Initial difficulties

“…(4,6,14,15) In a study by Resta (12) that was intended to identify the implications of motherhood in adolescence, it was also verified that most of the mothers' difficulties and insecurities were related to care for the infant, particularly for the umbilical cord stump, breastfeeding, bathing and the baby's sleep. Another study showed similar results, concretely difficulties to deal with the baby's crying, (16) which caused feelings of impotence and frustration in first-time mothers. (13) The aspects related to the baby's safety, how to act, how to protect in case of an accident, were also present in some mothers' discourse in our study.…”

Avaliação de um programa psicoeducativo de transição para a parentalidade

“…The intervention was based on a guide with text and illustrations on six main themes: coping with the stressors of delivery and the postpartum period, the marital relation and the couple's communication skills, the infant's developmental capabilities, the affective bond between the parents and the infant, prevention of mistreatment and resilience, risk and protection (Murta, Rodrigues, Rosa, Paulo, & Furtado, 2008). Before each session, the interview script was planned, considering the information obtained in the needs assessment, the analysis of the previous session and the general themes planned for the intervention and included in the information folder.…”

“…The appropriateness of the contents is based on the authors' preliminary research, which permitted the identifi cation of needs to put in practice parenthood transition programs (Murta, Rodrigues, Rosa, Paulo, & Furtado, 2011), as well as on the needs assessment undertaken immediately before the intervention. This indicates that needs assessment contribute to adjust the intervention to the target public, and are therefore recommendable when putting in practice prevention programs, permitting customized interventions and better use of the (human, material, time) resources involved.…”

Um novo pai, novas funções? Considerações sobre a relação pai-bebê no período da dependência absoluta

“…Estes sentimentos estariam implicados na intensificação do afastamento de alguns pais ou em ansiedades e sofrimentos que estariam sendo negligenciados, já que a atenção está predominantemente voltada para o binômio mãe-bebê (Campos, 2006;Jager & Bottoli, 2011 exercício dos papeis parentais, mudanças na sexualidade do casal, problemáticas relacionadas à rede de apoio social, etc (Murta et al, 2011).…”