Ambiente e pulmão

Gomes, Maria João Marques

doi:10.1590/s0102-35862002000500004

Cited by 25 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Fine particles (< 2.5 μm) may reach further into the respiratory system, as far as the pulmonary alveoli. 10 Epidemiological studies show consistent increases in hospital admissions and deaths from respiratory and cardiovascular disease, related to exposure to pollutants present in the atmosphere in different areas of the planet. This mainly occurs in the most susceptible groups (children the elderly and those with a history of cardiorespiratory disease), even at levels of exposure deemed safe by environmental legislation.…”

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“…This has signifi cant implications at a local, regional and global level. 2 During the rainy season, when natural biogenic emissions predominate, the concentration of particle mass is < 10 microns (PM 10 ) and around 10 μg/m³, with a concentration of 300 particles cm -³. Coarse fraction particles (with diameters between 2.5 and 10 microns) represent 80% of the total particle load in the atmosphere. In regions severely affected by biomass burning, the particle mass concentration rises to 300 to 600 μg m -³, as the number of particles climbs to 15,000 to 30,000 particles cm -³, and the fi ne particles (< 2.5 microns, so-called PM 2.5 ) becomes predominant over the coarse particles.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Aerossois de queimadas e doencas respiratorias em criancas, Manaus, Brasil

et al. 2013

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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of fi ne particulate matter emitted through biomass burning on hospitalizations for respiratory diseases in children living in Manaus, Northern Brazil. METHODS:Descriptive study with ecologic time series design carried out in Manaus from 2002 to 2009. Hospital admission data were obtained from the Unifi ed Health System database. PM 2.5 levels were estimated using aerosol remote sensing through the measurement of aerosol optical depth at a wavelength of 550 nm. Statistical methods were used in the data analysis, with Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression between variables, with a 95% confi dence interval. RESULTS:The region of Manaus showed low PM 2.5 concentrations when compared to the Southern Amazonian region. Between August and November (dry period in the region), was when the highest mean levels of PM 2.5 , estimated between 18 to 23 μg/m³, and the largest number of fi res were observed. For the rainy season, an average of 12 μg/m³, 66% lower than the dry season measurements (20.6 μg/m³) was observed. The highest rates of hospitalization were observed during the rainy season and April was the month with the highest levels at 2.51/1,000 children. A positive association between hospital admissions and relative humidity (R = 0.126; p-value = 0.005) was observed, while the association between admissions and PM 2.5 was negative and statistically signifi cant (R = -0.168; p-value = 0.003). The R² of the fi nal model (Hospitalizations = 2.19*Humidity -1.60*PM 2.5 -0.23*Precipitation) explained 84% of hospitalizations due to respiratory disease in children living in Manaus, considering the independent variables statistically signifi cant (humidity, PM 2.5 , and precipitation). CONCLUSIONS:Hospital admissions for respiratory diseases in children in Manaus, were more related to weather conditions and in particular relative humidity, than to exposure to aerosols emitted by biomass burning in the Amazonian region.

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Aerossois de queimadas e doencas respiratorias em criancas, Manaus, Brasil

et al. 2013

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“…Essentially, particulate matter is classified as coarse (PM 2.5–10 ) or fine (PM 2.5 ) particles, which allows for its deposition in several parts of the respiratory system; eventually reaching the circulatory system [4]. Harmful effects are associated with the various PM 10 fractions [1,5,6].…”

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Effects of Particulate Matter and Its Chemical Constituents on Elderly Hospital Admissions Due to Circulatory and Respiratory Diseases

Ferreira

Forti

Freitas

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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Various fractions of particulate matter have been associated with increased mortality and morbidity. The purpose of our study is to analyze the associations between concentrations of PM2.5, PM2.5–10, PM10 and their chemical constituents (soluble ions) with hospital admissions due to circulatory and respiratory diseases among the elderly in a medium-sized city in Brazil. A time series study was conducted using Poisson regression with generalized additive models adjusted for confounders. Statistically significant associations were identified between PM10 and PM2.5–10 and respiratory diseases. Risks of hospitalization increased by 23.5% (95% CI: 13.5; 34.3) and 12.8% (95% CI: 6.0; 20.0) per 10 μg/m3 of PM2.5-10 and PM10, respectively. PM2.5 exhibited a significant association with circulatory system diseases, with the risk of hospitalization increasing by 19.6% (95% CI: 6.4; 34.6) per 10 μg/m3. Regarding the chemical species; SO42−, NO3−, NH4+ and K+ exhibited specific patterns of risk, relative to the investigated outcomes. Overall, SO42− in PM2.5–10 and K+ in PM2.5 were associated with increased risk of hospital admissions due to both types of diseases. The results agree with evidence indicating that the risks for different health outcomes vary in relation to the fractions and chemical composition of PM10. Thus, PM10 speciation studies may contribute to the establishment of more selective pollution control policies.

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“…Por sua vez, foi constatado que os efeitos tóxicos dos óxidos de nitrogênio (NO x), atuam principalmente na saúde das crianças aumentando as queixas respiratórias e complicando a função pulmonar. O poder reativo e oxidante deste poluente faz com que sua concentração seja baixa no ambiente, o que o torna menos nocivo em relação aos demais (GOMES, 2002).…”

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