Description of Amazonian Theobroma L. collections, species identification, and characterization of interspecific hybrids

Silva, Carlos Rogério Sousa; Venturieri, Giorgini Augusto; Figueira, Antônio

doi:10.1590/s0102-33062004000200012

Cited by 21 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The results are a further demonstration that the genetic distance between parents favors fruit set. The average overall compatibility among clones presented in this research is in agreement with the results obtained by Silva et al (2004) and Alves et al (2007).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization and compatibility among genotypes to select elite clones of cupuassu

Alves¹,

Silva²,

Albuquerque³

et al. 2017

Acta Amaz.

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The expansion of the genetic base of cultivated materials is an ongoing activity of the cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) breeding program. However, the parents involved need to be genotypically and phenotypically characterized to ensure compatibility of crossings, as well as to assist in the selection of more promising individuals for hybridization. This study aimed to identify and select T. grandiflorum clones that are compatible and genetically divergent using tools such as the estimates of genotypic, phenotypic, and combined distances, as well as the compatibility rates among clones. The genetic distance analysis of the clones was performed with 14 heterologous microsatellite primers of cocoa (Theobroma cacao) that amplify the DNA of cupuassu. Phenotypic characterization was based on 14 variables related to fruit production. The joint dissimilarity matrix was obtained by means of the sum of the phenotypic and molecular dissimilarity matrices. The intra-and inter-clonal compatibility was estimated through controlled crossings. A low correlation was noted between the dissimilarity matrices based on the molecular and agronomic data. As for compatibility, all clones were self-incompatible, with different compatibility rates when crossed. The compatibility index was strongly influenced by the degree of relationship of the clones. It was possible to identify and select the most promising sets of cupuassu clones to be used in breeding programs, despite their genetic relationship. KEYWORDS: microsatellites, tropical fruit, diversity, plant breeding, Theobroma grandiflorum Caracterização fenotípica, genotípica e compatibilidade entre genótipos para seleção de clones elite de cupuaçuzeiro RESUMO A ampliação da base genética dos materiais de cultivo é trabalho contínuo do programa de melhoramento genético do cupuaçuzeiro (Theobroma grandiflorum). Há necessidade, entretanto, que os parentais envolvidos estejam caracterizados fenotípica e genotipicamente, para auxiliar na escolha dos indivíduos que serão hibridizados, bem como para garantir os mecanismos de rastreabilidade e proteção das cultivares. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar e selecionar clones de cupuaçuzeiro inter-compatíveis e geneticamente divergentes, utilizando como ferramentas as distâncias genotípica, fenotípica e combinada mistas, assim como as taxas de compatibilidade entre os clones. Estimativas das distâncias genéticas entre os clones foram realizadas com base em 14 iniciadores microssatélites heterólogos de cacaueiro (Theobroma cacao) que amplificam o DNA do cupuaçuzeiro. Para a caracterização fenotípica foram empregadas 14 variáveis relacionadas à produção de frutos. A matriz de dissimilaridade conjunta foi obtida por meio da soma das matrizes de dissimilaridade fenotípica e molecular. A compatibilidade intra e inter-clonal foi estimada através de cruzamentos controlados. Houve uma baixa correlação entre as matrizes de dissimilaridade com base nos dados moleculares e agronômicos. Quanto à compatibilidade, todos os clones foram auto-...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization and compatibility among genotypes to select elite clones of cupuassu

Alves¹,

Silva²,

Albuquerque³

et al. 2017

Acta Amaz.

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“…It has great potential for producing derivatives for human consumption and can be found throughout the Amazon region and among the species of the genus. The production of fat content, an essential element for sweets and derivatives, is the second highest in cacauí after cocoa (Silva et al, 2004). Regarding morphology, T. speciosum ranges from 8-14 m in height and has a long stem, thin and narrow canopy, with 20-40 cm long and 7-17 cm wide leaves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population structure and genetic diversity in natural populations of Theobroma speciosum Willd. Ex Spreng (Malvaceae)

Giustina¹,

Luz

Vieira³

et al. 2014

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. The genus Theobroma found in the Amazon region is composed of 22 species, including Theobroma speciosum, better known as cacauí. These species are constantly threatened by forest fragmentation caused by human activities and require conservation strategies and management aimed at preserving them in their natural environments. The main objective of this study was to analyze the population structure and genetic diversity within and between natural populations of T. speciosum by using ISSR molecular markers to understand the population structure of the species. Four natural populations belonging to the Amazon rainforest (BAC, CRO, FLA, and PNA), located in the State of Mato Grosso, were selected. Amplification reactions were performed using 15 ISSR primers. A total of 101 loci 3511 Genetic diversity in Theobroma speciosum©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 13 (2): 3510-3519 (2014) were found, of which 54.46% were polymorphic at the species level. The BAC population showed higher genetic diversity (H = 0.095 and I = 0.144) and higher percentage of polymorphism (28.71%). The populations showed an F ST value of 0.604, indicating marked genetic differentiation. The highest genetic variation was found between populations. Gene flow was low between populations, indicating genetic isolation between populations.

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“…In this respect, knowledge about the genetic and population relationships in wild species is particularly important because they are a great reservoir of genes for cultivated species (Silva et al, 2005(Silva et al, , 2007. Despite the significant potential of cupuí, there is almost no information about its population dynamics or genetic behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity in natural populations of Theobroma subincanum Mart. in the Brazilian Amazon

Rivas¹,

Giustina²,

Luz³

et al. 2013

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. The genus Theobroma, recently reclassified in the family Malvaceae, comprises some species with high economic potential, including the cupuí, Theobroma subincanum Mart., which has not yet been domesticated, and whose genetics and population structure are mostly unknown. This study aimed to assess the population structure and genetic diversity in natural populations of T. subincanum Mart., using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. A total of 59 individuals were sampled in three geographically separate populations, CFA, CMN, and CPT. Nei's genetic distance was estimated to characterize populations with the use of 13 polymorphic primers. The analysis of 4999 ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 12 (4): 4998-5006 (2013) Genetic diversity in Theobroma subincana Mart. molecular variance revealed that the variability between populations (51.71%) was higher than that within populations (48.29%). Among the three populations, CPT showed the highest diversity index and percentage of polymorphism. The ISSR molecular markers were efficient and presented sufficient polymorphism to estimate genetic diversity in populations of T. subincanum Mart.

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Description of Amazonian Theobroma L. collections, species identification, and characterization of interspecific hybrids

Cited by 21 publications

References 6 publications

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization and compatibility among genotypes to select elite clones of cupuassu

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization and compatibility among genotypes to select elite clones of cupuassu

Population structure and genetic diversity in natural populations of Theobroma speciosum Willd. Ex Spreng (Malvaceae)

Genetic diversity in natural populations of Theobroma subincanum Mart. in the Brazilian Amazon

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