Is there a crack epidemic among students in Brazil?: comments on media and public health issues

Nappo, Solange Aparecida; Sanchez, Zila M.; Ribeiro, Lucilene Arilho

doi:10.1590/s0102-311x2012000900004

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Inhalants and marijuana are the two most prevalent illicit drugs, with a reported past year prevalence of 4.4% and 2.5%, respectively, for the older group and 3.1% and 0.4%, respectively, for the younger group [11]. Due to the worrying data on drug consumption in the country and the mass media pressure to address the so-called “crack epidemic” [12], the Brazilian government has launched the “Integrated Plan to Combat Crack and Other Drugs”, placing drug use as a priority to be addressed by social and collective health policies in the country (Decree 7.637, December 8 th , 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy evaluation of the school program Unplugged for drug use prevention among Brazilian adolescents

et al. 2016

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BackgroundMost Brazilian schools do not have a continuous program for drug use prevention and do not conduct culturally adapted activities for that purpose. This study evaluated the impact of the Unplugged program on drug use prevention among children and adolescents in public middle schools of Brazil.MethodsA non-randomized controlled trial was conducted in 2013 with 2185 students in 16 public schools from 3 Brazilian cities. The intervention group attended 12 weekly classes of the Unplugged program for drug use prevention, and the control group did not attend to any school prevention programs in the same year. Multilevel analyses were used to evaluate temporal and between group changes in the consumption of each drug.ResultsThe study suggested that there was no evidence that Unplugged effected 11- to 12-year-old students. However, the program seemed to stimulate a decrease in recent marijuana use (transition from use to non-use in 85.7% of intervention cases and 28.6% of control cases, OR = 17.5, p = 0.039) among 13- to 15-year-old students. In addition, students in this age range who received the Unplugged program had similar drug consumption levels to those observed before the program began. However, students in the control group presented a significant tendency to increase marijuana use and binge drinking.ConclusionsThis study adds to the evidence of program efficacy among Brazilian middle school students by presenting marginal effects on binge drinking and marijuana use. An 18-month randomized controlled trial is recommended for a future study.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy evaluation of the school program Unplugged for drug use prevention among Brazilian adolescents

et al. 2016

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“…Substance abuse, especially cocaine dependence, is highly associated with childhood trauma and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) [9,10]. At the same time that traumatic events increase vulnerability to experimentation of psychoactive substances, drug use creates an environment that facilitates the onset of the aforementioned events, which can also affect brain structures and function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Trauma and Resilience: Vulnerabilities to Develop Crack/Cocaine Dependence

Sordi¹,

Hauck²,

Laitano³

et al. 2015

J Alcohol Drug Depend

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“…The media plays an important role in building and spreading ideologies in society. These messages reach a significant number of people, including children and young people, and have the potential to change behaviors, judgments, and attitudes 30 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalência e condições associadas ao uso de drogas ilícitas na vida: Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar 2015

Horta¹,

Mola

Horta

et al. 2018

Rev. bras. epidemiol.

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Introduction: The use of illicit drugs is a public health concern. This paper describes the prevalence and factors associated with the use of illicit drugs throughout life among 9th grade students attending public and private schools in daylight period in Brazil. Method: Data from the Brazilian Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE) were analyzed. Use of illicit drugs at some point in life was assessed considering marijuana, cocaine, crack, solvent-based glue, ether-based inhalants, ecstasy, and oxy. Data were analized descriptively and by the Poisson's regression model. Results: The use of illicit drugs at least once in life was reported by 9,0% of participants, being more prevalent among girls and associated with alcohol or tobacco use, active sexual life, feeling of loneliness, little or no contact between school and parents, and the experience of familial aggressions. The outcome was inversely associated with close contact with parents and their supervision. Prevalence was higher among participants whose mothers had higher educational levels and had, who had a payed job, and who attended public schools. Discussion: The prevalence of lifetime use of illicit drugs was stable when the three PeNSE samples were compared, but it resulted more common among girls in 2015 for the first time and was associated with the same conditions found in prior studies. Conclusion: Family and school appear to be protective factors, especially when there is direct supervision and care. It is important that both girls and boys are given the same attention when it comes to this this subject.

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Is there a crack epidemic among students in Brazil?: comments on media and public health issues

Cited by 25 publications

References 25 publications

Efficacy evaluation of the school program Unplugged for drug use prevention among Brazilian adolescents

Efficacy evaluation of the school program Unplugged for drug use prevention among Brazilian adolescents

Childhood Trauma and Resilience: Vulnerabilities to Develop Crack/Cocaine Dependence

Prevalência e condições associadas ao uso de drogas ilícitas na vida: Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar 2015

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