Methodology of a nationwide cross-sectional survey of prevalence and epidemiological patterns of hepatitis A, B and C infection in Brazil

Ximenes, Ricardo Arraes de Alencar; Pereira, Leila M.M.B.; Martelli, Celina Maria Turchi; Merchán-Hamann, Edgar; Stein, Aírton Tetelbom; Figueiredo, Gerusa Maria; Braga, Cynthia; Montarroyos, Ulísses Ramos; Brasil, Leila Melo; Turchi, Marília Dalva; Fonseca, José Carlos Ferraz da; Lima, Maria Luíza Carvalho de; Alencar, Luis Cláudio Arraes de; Costa, Marcelo Abrahão; Coral, Gabriela Perdomo; Moreira, Regina Célia; Cardoso, Maria Regina Alves

doi:10.1590/s0102-311x2010000900003

Cited by 49 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Para a hepatite C, a classificação sugere endemicidade intermediária com prevalência de anti-VHC na população entre 2,5% e 10% 29 . Entretanto, dados mais recentes obtidos por meio de inquérito populacional realizado no conjunto das capitais do Brasil revelou que o padrão de endemicidade para as hepatites virais B e C é baixo, com soroprevalência do HBsAg de 0,37% (IC95%: 0,25%-0,50%) e de anti-VHC de 1,4% (IC95%: 1,1-1,6) 4,5,6 .…”

Section: Métodosunclassified

“…A despeito disso, um número importante de indivíduos encontra-se cronicamente infectados e sob risco de desenvolver cirrose e/ou câncer hepático, em especial indivíduos mais velhos, do sexo masculino, de condições socioeconômicas desfavoráveis 4,5,6 . Somando-se a esse fato, os dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação mostram um aumento progressivo da detecção de casos pelo sistema de vigilância epidemiológica, em sua maioria indivíduos do sexo masculino e na faixa etária superior a 30 anos, que pode estar relacionado à ampliação da oferta de testes diagnósticos nos serviços de saúde ou até mesmo ser resultado da melhoria da captação de casos 30 .…”

Section: Métodosunclassified

“…Os resultados de um estudo de base populacional realizado no conjunto das capitais brasileiras (população de 20 a 69 anos) classificam o país como de baixa endemicidade para as hepatites virais dos tipos B e C, com prevalências estimadas em 0,6% e 1,6%, respectivamente 4,5,6 . Quanto ao uso do álcool, 18% da população adulta brasileira apresentam consumo abusivo, sendo este mais elevado para o sexo masculino, em jovens e indivíduos com maior escolaridade 7 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Mortalidade por neoplasia maligna do fígado e vias biliares intra-hepáticas no Brasil, 1980-2010

Amorim¹,

Merchán-Hamann²

2013

Cad. Saúde Pública

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Section: Métodosunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Mortalidade por neoplasia maligna do fígado e vias biliares intra-hepáticas no Brasil, 1980-2010

Amorim¹,

Merchán-Hamann²

2013

Cad. Saúde Pública

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“…The gold standard for prevalence studies are community based studies [14]. Some countries, such as Brazil [15], have well designed prevalence estimates by national surveys.Injection safety is a worldwide challenge with greater impact on less developed (LDC) and transitional countries (TC) [16]. Injections may be appropriate, unnecessary or unsafe [17].…”

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“…The gold standard for prevalence studies are community based studies [14]. Some countries, such as Brazil [15], have well designed prevalence estimates by national surveys.…”

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Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Prevalence and Risk of Unsafe Parenteral Practices in Derqui, Argentine

Insúa

Flaherty

Silva

2017

GHOA

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(LAC) [1], and improved prevalence estimates and modeling attempts are ongoing [2]. Several estimates suggest that hepatitis C prevalence may range between 0,17% to 5,6%, and in some communities between 2,2 and 7,3% [3]. Another prevalence estimate of 1,23% was suggested for LAC [4], and a burden of 7.8 million persons affected with Hepatitis C were calculated in year 2010 for LAC [5].Frequently prevalence studies lack adequate methodology. The case of Hepatitis C in Argentina shows the same sets of problems. HCV epidemiology and risk factor contribution in Argentina is poorly described, relying on special populations' data, blood bank / laboratory data and potentially biased community based studies about risk factor exposure. To date, most sero-prevalence studies en HCV prevalence resulted from spontaneous demand, due to increases in reported cases [6,7] and focused on small communities or high-risk groups [8][9][10], or high-risk populations [11][12][13]. The gold standard for prevalence studies are community based studies [14]. Some countries, such as Brazil [15], have well designed prevalence estimates by national surveys.Injection safety is a worldwide challenge with greater impact on less developed (LDC) and transitional countries (TC) [16]. Injections may be appropriate, unnecessary or unsafe [17]. Unsafe injections, defined as syringe or needle reuse without sterilization, are supposed to produce 40% of hepatitis C worldwide, mostly in East Asia [18,19]. A substantial portion of injections is unnecessary. Unnecessary injections are approximately 50% of the total injections (world: 3.4 and Latin América: 1.7 injections/ persons/ year) [20]. Reuse proportion is 39.3% (range 1.2-75% in different world regions). A complex series of causes determine the rates of unnecessary and unsafe injections; cultural, economic, technologic and quality /safety combined related problems are related to their prevalence. Cultural beliefs that injections are better include, that they are faster, stronger and more advanced technologies than oral drugs. Unsafe parenteral practices, including unsafe nosocomial control measures, seem to contribute to this problem. AbstractBackground: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemiology and risk factor (RF) contribution in Argentina can be improved, with prevalence studies addressing unsafe injections in health care settings. Study purpose was: 1) to estimate a defined population prevalence of HCV and 2) to assess RF exposure for HCV, including potential impact of Health Care Unsafe Parenteral Practices (HC-UPP).

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Serological markers of hepatitis B and C in patients with HIV/AIDS and active tuberculosis

Araújo-Mariz

Lopes

Ximenes

et al. 2015

Journal of Medical Virology

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Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and C virus (HCV) are common in patients with HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis (TB). This is a cross-sectional study with patients infected with HIV/AIDS and active TB in Recife, Brazil, aiming to verify the prevalence of markers for HBV: antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc); and HCV: antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) by chemiluminescence, and to identify the frequency of associated factors. Data were collected through questionnaires, and blood was drawn from patients for analysis. We used the chi-square test and the Fisher exact test when necessary. We conducted a bivariate logistic regression analysis and the magnitude of the associations was expressed as odds ratio (OR) with a confidence interval of 95%. Among 166 patients studied with HIV/AIDS and active TB, anti-HBc was positive in 61 patients [36.7%; 95%CI (29.4-44.6%)] and anti-HCV in 11[6.6%; 95%CI (3.4-11.5%)]. In the logistic regression analysis, male sex, and age ≥40 years were independent factors associated with the occurrence of anti-HBc. In conclusion, we verified a high frequency of HBV contact marker and a low frequency of HCV markers in patients with HIV/AIDS and TB in Recife.

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Methodology of a nationwide cross-sectional survey of prevalence and epidemiological patterns of hepatitis A, B and C infection in Brazil

Abstract: A population-based survey to provide information on the prevalence of hepatitis viral infection

Cited by 49 publications

References 23 publications

Mortalidade por neoplasia maligna do fígado e vias biliares intra-hepáticas no Brasil, 1980-2010

Mortalidade por neoplasia maligna do fígado e vias biliares intra-hepáticas no Brasil, 1980-2010

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Prevalence and Risk of Unsafe Parenteral Practices in Derqui, Argentine

Serological markers of hepatitis B and C in patients with HIV/AIDS and active tuberculosis

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