Epidemiologia do câncer de boca em laboratório público do Estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil

Abstract

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a epidemiologia do câncer de boca, dos casos diagnosticados pelo laboratório público do Estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil, após a instituição da política de atenção às doenças da boca e da face do estado. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico transversal. O objeto estudado foi o laudo histopatológico, pesquisando-se um total de 1.324 laudos emitidos entre janeiro de 2005 e dezembro 2006. Verificaram-se os casos de câncer de boca, o seu percentual em relação ao universo das lesões bucais e as seguintes variáveis: tipo histológico, sexo, idade e procedência dos pacientes (capital ou do interior). Após a análise dos dados verificaram-se 44 lesões de câncer de boca, representando 3% dos diagnósticos. O tipo histológico mais incidente foi o carcinoma epidermóide. A maioria dos diagnósticos foi referente aos homens na 5ª e 6ª décadas de vida residentes no interior do estado. Conclui-se com este estudo que em dois anos de funcionamento o serviço público de patologia bucal registrou um considerável número de casos de câncer de boca.

Epidemiology and georeferencing of squamous cell carcinoma cases and their relationship with pesticides

“…Of these, 44 cases (3%) corresponded to cancer of the mouth mainly affecting men at a productive age, coming from the interior of the state. The present study confirmed the higher number of cases of epidermoid carcinoma of the mouth occurring in men and in the age-range from 41 to 70 years, confirming the findings of other surveys 2,12,[15][16] .…”

“…Borges et al 12 showed that the register of cancer of the mouth in the MT Laboratory increased by 266% between 2005 and 2006, and that in the two years 1,324 diagnostic reports were issued. Of these, 44 cases (3%) corresponded to cancer of the mouth mainly affecting men at a productive age, coming from the interior of the state.…”

“…8344/2005, may explain the drop in the number of diagnoses in the last year studied. Considering that cancer of the mouth is an under-notified disease 12 , there is clear need for actively seeking new cases, in addition to insisting on qualifying, training, and reminding professionals of their role in the active search for neoplastic lesions. The actions of seeking and early diagnosis of cancer of the mouth are important, because they minimize the damage oncological treatment causes, such as mutilation and high cost of treatment, which in the majority of cases, includes surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy 18 .…”

“…The role of funding and organizing care for cancer of the mouth is within the scope of the State, by promoting discussion, providing support for specific actions of health promotion, prevention, assistance; as well as guiding the organization of the municipal services in a microregional logic as regards diagnosis; and in a macroregional logic by providing confirmed cases of cancer of the mouth with assistance 12 . Therefore, encouraging and qualifying dentists in the primary health care network, providing support for this network to perform diagnostic exams (until primary health care no longer needs this support), offering oral pathology service and guaranteeing care for patients with confirmed diagnosis, appears to be a reasonable role of the states.…”

“…All of this could be organized by spending fewer resources than can be imagined, until a level of municipal organization is reached, allowing the municipalities to assume the role of management and monitoring. The key element for this deconcentration is permanent education in health, that is to say, qualification in service 12 .…”